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. 2024 Aug 7;19(8):e0305130.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305130. eCollection 2024.

Association between geniquin therapy and the risk of developing periodontal disease in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome: A population-based cohort study from Taiwan

Chun-Yuan Chiu  1   2 , Da-Yo Yuh  2   3 , Li-Chyun Yeh  4 , Iau-Jin Lin  5 , Chi-Hsiang Chung  6   7   8 , Chung-Hsing Li  1   2 , Wu-Chien Chien  5   6   7   8 , Gunng-Shinng Chen  1   2
Affiliations

Association between geniquin therapy and the risk of developing periodontal disease in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome: A population-based cohort study from Taiwan

Chun-Yuan Chiu et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes dysfunction of salivation and harmful oral conditions. The association between periodontal disease (PD) and pSS with or without geniquin therapy remains controversial. This study evaluated the association between geniquin therapy and the risk of subsequent development of PD in pSS patients. From Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, we selected a control cohort of 106,818 pSS patients, followed up from 2000 to 2015, matched (1:4) by age and index year with 427,272 non-pSS patients. We also analyzed 15,149 pSS patients receiving geniquin therapy (cohort 1) and 91,669 pSS patients not receiving geniquin therapy (cohort 2). After adjusting for confounding factors, multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to compare the risk of PD over the 15-year follow-up. In the control cohort, 11,941 (11.2%) pSS patients developed PD compared to 39,797 (9.3%) non-pSS patients. In cohorts 1 and 2, 1,914 (12.6%) pSS patients receiving geniquin therapy and 10,027 (10.9%) pSS patients not receiving geniquin therapy developed PD. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for subsequent PD in pSS patients was 1.165 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.147-1.195, p < 0.001) and in pSS patients receiving geniquin therapy was 1.608 (95% CI = 1.526-1.702, p < 0.001). The adjusted HR for PD treatment was 1.843. Patients diagnosed with pSS showed an increased risk of developing subsequent PD and receiving PD treatment than patients without pSS, while pSS patients receiving geniquin therapy showed even higher risks.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. The flowchart of study sample selection from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Kaplan–Meier curves for cumulative risk of periodontal disease in patients aged ≥ 20 years stratified by study group and compared using the log-rank test.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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