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Review
. 2024 Sep;598(17):2092-2105.
doi: 10.1002/1873-3468.14993. Epub 2024 Aug 8.

Nrf2 as a regulator of energy metabolism and mitochondrial function

Alina Luchkova  1 , Ana Mata  1 , Susana Cadenas  1
Affiliations
Free article
Review

Nrf2 as a regulator of energy metabolism and mitochondrial function

Alina Luchkova et al. FEBS Lett. 2024 Sep.
Free article

Abstract

Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is essential for the control of cellular redox homeostasis. When activated, Nrf2 elicits cytoprotective effects through the expression of several genes encoding antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes. Nrf2 can also improve antioxidant defense via the pentose phosphate pathway by increasing NADPH availability to regenerate glutathione. Microarray and genome-wide localization analyses have identified many Nrf2 target genes beyond those linked to its redox-regulatory capacity. Nrf2 regulates several intermediary metabolic pathways and is involved in cancer cell metabolic reprogramming, contributing to malignant phenotypes. Nrf2 also modulates substrate utilization for mitochondrial respiration. Here we review the experimental evidence supporting the essential role of Nrf2 in the regulation of energy metabolism and mitochondrial function.

Keywords: Nrf2; energy metabolism; metabolic reprogramming; mitochondria; oxidative stress; redox signaling.

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