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. 2024 Aug 3;14(15):1308.
doi: 10.3390/nano14151308.

Nano-Biochar Prepared from High-Pressure Homogenization Improves Thermal Conductivity of Ethylene Glycol-Based Coolant

Youheng Wang  1   2   3 , Xianjun Hou  1   2   3 , Hong Yu  1   2 , Weiwei Guan  1   2 , Yuxin Ma  1   2 , Mohamed Kamal Ahmed Ali  4   5
Affiliations

Nano-Biochar Prepared from High-Pressure Homogenization Improves Thermal Conductivity of Ethylene Glycol-Based Coolant

Youheng Wang et al. Nanomaterials (Basel). .

Abstract

As an environmentally friendly material, biochar is increasingly being utilized in the field of heat transfer and thermal conduction. In this study, nano-biochar was prepared from high-pressure homogenization (HPH) using sesame stalks as the raw material. It was incorporated into ethylene glycol (EG) and its dispersion stability, viscosity, and thermal conductivity were investigated. The nano-biochar was stably dispersed in EG for 28 days. When the concentration of the nano-biochar added to EG was less than 1%, the impact on viscosity was negligible. The addition of 5 wt.% nano-biochar to EG improved the thermal conductivity by 6.72%, which could be attributed to the graphitized structure and Brownian motion of the nano-biochar. Overall, nano-biochar has the potential to be applied in automotive thermal management.

Keywords: dispersion stability; dynamic viscosity; sesame stalks; thermal management system.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(a) TGA analysis of the biomass, (b) the FTIR spectra of the gasses obtained during pyrolysis at various temperatures, (c) the characteristics of typical functional groups at different temperatures, and (d) the preparation of NBC-EG coolant.
Figure 2
Figure 2
SEM of (a) biomass, (b) BC, (c) dried NBC, (d) NBC in ethanol; AFM of (e) NBCs, (f) NBC.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a) FTIR spectra of biomass, BC, and NBC and (b) Raman spectra of pristine BC and NBC.
Figure 4
Figure 4
XPS of BC and NBC. (a) Total spectrum; (b) O1s and C1s spectrum.
Figure 5
Figure 5
(a) Equivalent diameters of NBC at different HPH conditions; (b) particle size distribution of NBC at different homogenization pressures for 15 min.
Figure 6
Figure 6
SEM of NBC at different HPH operation conditions: (a) 40 MPa, 15 min; (b) 40 MPa, 30 min; (c) 40 MPa, 60 min; (d) 80 MPa, 15 min; (e) 80 MPa, 30 min; (f) 80 MPa, 60 min; (g) 120 MPa, 15 min; (h) 120 MPa, 30 min; (i) 120 MPa, 60 min.
Figure 7
Figure 7
(a) Digital pictures of the samples; (b) schematic diagram of the dispersion stability of the NBC in EG.
Figure 8
Figure 8
(a) Viscosity characteristic of NBC-EG at different temperatures, (b) the thermal conductivity/temperature characteristics of NBC-EG, and (c) the mechanisms of the NBC enhancing the thermal conductivity of EG.
Figure 9
Figure 9
PER of NBC-EG at various temperatures.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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