Multiple, prolonged actions of neuroendocrine bag cells on neurons in Aplysia. I. Effects on bursting pacemaker neurons

Abstract

1. The bag cells are a group of neuroendocrine cells located in the abdominal ganglion of Aplysia. Accumulated evidence suggests they synthesize and release egg-laying hormone (ELH), a peptide that induces egg laying. In this and the following paper (37) we describe five types of prolonged neural responses in cells of the isolated abdominal ganglion that are produced by stimulated bag cell activity. 2. Prolonged, 5- to 40-min bursts of spike activity were triggered in the normally silent bag cells by local stimulation of one of the bag cell clusters with brief, 0.6- to 2-strains of pulses. This local stimulation minimized the possible effects of the stimulus on other ganglion cells and initiated bag cell activity similar to what has been recorded in intact animals at the initiation of egg laying. 3. Following onset of triggered bag cell activity there is an increase in the amplitude of the bursting pacemaker potential in cell R15 that results in augmented bursting activity in this autoactive cell for up to 3 h. The increase begins in less than 1 min and reaches a maximim after 8--20 min. In two other bursting pacemaker cells, L3 and L6, there is a second type of response, slow inhibition, consisting of a smoothly graded hyperpolarization that begins in 5--14 s, reaches a peak value of 10--20 mV after 30 s, and results in a decrease in the spontaneous spike activity of these cells for 3 h or longer. Both types of responses are contingent on the occurrence of bag cell activity, they depend on prolonged bag cell activity for their normal expression, and they occur in the absence of the fast interactions characteristic of conventional synapses. 4. The results reveal at the level of intracellular recordings prolonged actions of peptide-secreting neuroendocrine cells on the central nervous system. The role of ELH as a putative mediator of one or more of these actions is discussed.