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. 2024 Jul 23;16(15):2616.
doi: 10.3390/cancers16152616.

Region of Interest Detection in Melanocytic Skin Tumor Whole Slide Images-Nevus and Melanoma

Yi Cui  1 , Yao Li  2 , Jayson R Miedema  3 , Sharon N Edmiston  4 , Sherif W Farag  5 , James Stephen Marron  2   4   6 , Nancy E Thomas  4   7
Affiliations

Region of Interest Detection in Melanocytic Skin Tumor Whole Slide Images-Nevus and Melanoma

Yi Cui et al. Cancers (Basel). .

Abstract

Automated region of interest detection in histopathological image analysis is a challenging and important topic with tremendous potential impact on clinical practice. The deep learning methods used in computational pathology may help us to reduce costs and increase the speed and accuracy of cancer diagnosis. We started with the UNC Melanocytic Tumor Dataset cohort which contains 160 hematoxylin and eosin whole slide images of primary melanoma (86) and nevi (74). We randomly assigned 80% (134) as a training set and built an in-house deep learning method to allow for classification, at the slide level, of nevi and melanoma. The proposed method performed well on the other 20% (26) test dataset; the accuracy of the slide classification task was 92.3% and our model also performed well in terms of predicting the region of interest annotated by the pathologists, showing excellent performance of our model on melanocytic skin tumors. Even though we tested the experiments on a skin tumor dataset, our work could also be extended to other medical image detection problems to benefit the clinical evaluation and diagnosis of different tumors.

Keywords: deep learning; melanocytic skin tumor; melanoma; nevus; region of interest detection.

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Conflict of interest statement

Author Sherif W. Farag has received funding from Company NORAS Analytics.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The ROI was annotated by black dots determined by pathologists. The predicted ROI was bounded by the green line on the right.
Figure 2
Figure 2
An overview of the proposed detection framework. (a) The Melanocytic Tumor Dataset randomly assigned 80% (134 WSIs) of the data as the training set and 20% (26 WSIs) of the data as the testing set. (b) Preprocessing: color normalization [28,29] and data augmentation. (c) Extract melanoma, nevus and other patches from training data. (d) Model trained a 3-class patch classifier based on extracted patches. (e) For each slide, slide classification generated predicted scores for all patches and calculated patch and slide classification accuracy. (f) All patches from a slide were ranked based on the corresponding predicted scores in the context of melanoma or nevus, depending on the slide classification result. (g) Visualization results based on predicted scores.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Visualization results for a melanoma sample and a nevus sample.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Visualization results for misclassified case 1.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Visualization results for misclassified case 2.
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