Insights into Occlusal Analysis: Articulating Paper versus Digital Devices

Abstract

Background: As the demand for digital dentistry constantly increases, digital devices are gradually replacing conventional methods of recording occlusal contacts. The study aimed to assess the inter-rater reliability of occlusal contact point detection using 40 μm articulating paper, Medit i700, and OccluSense and to compare the distribution of occlusal contacts using the articulating paper and intraoral scanner. Material and Methods: The study included 25 participants aged 20 to 30 (13 women and 12 men). Photographs of contact points were taken and marked in maximum intercuspal position (MIP), in protrusive and laterotrusive movements, on working and non-working sides using 40 μm articulating paper and digital devices. The Cohen's Kappa coefficient assessed the inter-rater reliability. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare dependent groups, articulating paper, and Medit i700. Results: The Cohen's Kappa index showed that almost perfect agreement was achieved with 40 μm articulating paper. Compared to Medit i700, the 40 μm articulating paper showed an increased mean number of contacts per tooth, except for the third molars. Conclusions: The 40 μm articulating paper has detected more overall contacts than the digital devices, particularly in the posterior areas. An ideal method for registering occlusal contacts has not been established yet.

Keywords: OccluSense; articulating paper; digital dentistry; intraoral scanner; occlusal contacts.

Figure 1

Images of maximum intercuspation position with the (a) 40 microns articulating paper, (b) Medit i700, (c) OccluSense independently evaluated by the researchers as dichotomous variables, coding the presence of occlusal contact, not its intensity.

Figure 2

Images of active laterotrusive interference (ALI) during right lateral movement with the (a) 40 microns articulating paper, (b) Medit i700, (c) OccluSense. Evaluation of the presence and distribution of the contact points on the occlusal surfaces of the teeth.