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Review
. 2024 Jul 26;29(15):3522.
doi: 10.3390/molecules29153522.

Recent Advances in the Research on Luotonins A, B, and E

Ján Gettler  1 , Martin Markovič  1 , Peter Koóš  1 , Tibor Gracza  1
Affiliations
Review

Recent Advances in the Research on Luotonins A, B, and E

Ján Gettler et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

This digest review summarises the most recent progress in the study on luotonins A, B and E. The literature covered in this overview spans from January 2012 to April 2024 and presents synthetic methodologies for the assembly of the quinolinopyrrolo-quinazoline scaffold, the structural motifs present in luotonins A, B, and E, and the evaluation of the biological activities of their derivatives and structural analogues.

Keywords: alkaloids; biological activity; cytotoxicity; luotonins A, B, E; quinolinopyrroloquinazoline.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Structures of luotonins A, B, and E and camptothecin.
Scheme 1
Scheme 1
Haider’s syntheses of luotonin A and its derivatives.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Structures of A and E substituted analogues of luotonin A.
Scheme 2
Scheme 2
Synthesis of luotonin A derivatives by Liu and Wang.
Scheme 3
Scheme 3
Synthesis of de-carbonyl luotonin derivatives 12 and tetrahydrobenzo[6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinolines 13 via an intramolecular Povarov reaction.
Scheme 4
Scheme 4
Formal synthesis of 13-aryl-substituted luotonin A.
Scheme 5
Scheme 5
Synthesis of luotonin A derivatives via synergistic visible-light photoredox and acid catalysis.
Scheme 6
Scheme 6
Cheon’s synthesis of luotonin A.
Scheme 7
Scheme 7
Rassapalli’s synthesis of luotonins A and their regiomers 26.
Scheme 8
Scheme 8
Synthesis of luotonin A, B, and E derivatives.
Scheme 9
Scheme 9
Synthesis of luotonin A analogues via Friedländer reaction.
Scheme 10
Scheme 10
A short synthesis of luotonin A.
Scheme 11
Scheme 11
Nagarapu’s and Wang-Zha’s syntheses of luotonin A, B, and E.
Scheme 12
Scheme 12
Synthesis of 8-dialkylamino-9-fluoro-luotonin A and 8-dialkylamino-9-halo-5-deaza analogues of luotonin A.
Scheme 13
Scheme 13
Synthesis of luotonin B and E.
Scheme 14
Scheme 14
The Rh-catalysed [4+1] annulation in the synthesis of 12-aroyl analogues of luotonin A.
Scheme 15
Scheme 15
Synthesis of luotonin A analogues.
Scheme 16
Scheme 16
Synthesis of luotonin A analogues [33].
Scheme 17
Scheme 17
Synthesis of luotonin A and its analogues via intramolecular Diels–Alder reaction.
Scheme 18
Scheme 18
Evano’s synthesis of luotonin A via photoinduced Cu-catalysed cyclisation.
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