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. 2024 Dec;31(13):8538-8548.
doi: 10.1245/s10434-024-15986-3. Epub 2024 Aug 12.

Predictive Value of C-Reactive Protein for Infectious Complications After Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy: A Single-Center Prospective Study

Janyssa Charbonneau  1 , Alexandre Brind'Amour  2 , Lucas Sideris  3 , Sabrina Piedimonte  4 , Mikaël Soucisse  3 , Narcisse Singbo  5 , Jean-François Tremblay  6 , Guy Leblanc  3 , Suzanne Fortin  4 , Lara De Guerké  4 , Marie-Hélène Auclair  4 , Mai-Kim Gervais  3
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Predictive Value of C-Reactive Protein for Infectious Complications After Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy: A Single-Center Prospective Study

Janyssa Charbonneau et al. Ann Surg Oncol. 2024 Dec.

Abstract

Background: Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) can be associated with significant morbidity and prolonged hospital stay. Postoperative infections account for a high burden of these complications. This study aimed to assess the predictive value of postoperative C-reactive protein (CRP) levels for overall infectious complications and anastomotic leaks.

Methods: This was a single-center prospective study of patients undergoing CRS and HIPEC for peritoneal metastases between 2018 and 2020 at Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital in Montreal, QC, Canada. CRP levels were measured daily for 10 days following surgery. A comparison was made between patients with infectious complications and those without.

Results: Ninety-nine patients were included. Thirty patients had infectious complications (30.3%) and four patients presented an anastomotic leak (4%). CRP levels were significantly higher in patients with infectious complications from postoperative days (PODs) 2-10. Daily cut-off values most accurately predicted infectious complications on day 8 (94.3 mg/L; area under the curve [AUC] 0.85, sensitivity [SE] 76.2%, specificity [SP] 94.7%, positive predictive value [PPV] 88.9%, negative predictive value [NPV] 87.8%; p < 0.0001) and day 9 (72.7 mg/L; AUC 0.89, SE 95.2%, SP 81.8%, PPV 76.9%, NPV 96.4%; p < 0.0001). Patients with infectious complications had longer operative time, higher peritoneal cancer index, and a higher number of intestinal anastomoses, while their baseline characteristics were comparable.

Conclusion: Measurement of CRP helps predict infectious complications following CRS and HIPEC, particularly on PODs 8 and 9. Cut-off values are more accurate after the first postoperative week, especially in ruling out infectious complications.

Keywords: C-reactive protein; CRP; CRS; Cytoreductive surgery; HIPEC; Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

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