Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2023 Feb 16;4(1):sgad005.
doi: 10.1093/schizbullopen/sgad005. eCollection 2023 Jan.

Long-term Outcomes of People With DSM Psychotic Disorder NOS

Line Widing  1 , Carmen Simonsen  1   2 , Thomas Bjella  1 , Magnus Johan Engen  3 , Camilla Bärthel Flaaten  1   4 , Erlend Gardsjord  5 , Beathe Haatveit  1 , Elisabeth Haug  6 , Siv Hege Lyngstad  3 , Ingrid Hartveit Svendsen  7 , Ruth Kristine Vik  1 , Kristin Fjelnseth Wold  1 , Gina Åsbø  1   4 , Torill Ueland  1   4 , Ingrid Melle  1
Affiliations

Long-term Outcomes of People With DSM Psychotic Disorder NOS

Line Widing et al. Schizophr Bull Open. .

Abstract

Introduction: The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-IV diagnostic category "Psychotic disorder not otherwise specified" (PNOS) is seldom investigated, and we lack knowledge about long-term outcomes. We examined long-term symptom severity, global functioning, remission/recovery rates, and diagnostic stability after the first treatment for PNOS.

Methods: Participants with first-treatment PNOS (n = 32) were reassessed with structured interviews after 7 to 10 years. The sample also included narrow schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD, n = 94) and psychotic bipolar disorders (PBD, n = 54). Symptomatic remission was defined based on the Remission in Schizophrenia Working Group criteria. Clinical recovery was defined as meeting the criteria for symptomatic remission and having adequate functioning for the last 12 months.

Results: Participants with baseline PNOS or PBD had lower symptom severity and better global functioning at follow-up than those with SSD. More participants with PNOS and PBD were in symptomatic remission and clinical recovery compared to participants with SSD. Seventeen (53%) PNOS participants retained the diagnosis, while 15 participants were diagnosed with either SSD (22%), affective disorders (19%), or substance-induced psychotic disorders (6%). Those rediagnosed with SSD did not differ from the other PNOS participants regarding baseline clinical characteristics.

Conclusions: Long-term outcomes are more favorable in PNOS and PBD than in SSD. Our findings confirm diagnostic instability but also stability for a subgroup of participants with PNOS. However, it is challenging to predict diagnostic outcomes of PNOS based on clinical characteristics at first treatment.

Keywords: bipolar; diagnostic stability; psychosis NOS; recovery; remission; schizophrenia.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Participation in 7- or 10-year follow-up.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Association AP. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, DSM-IV-TR; Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2000.
    1. Association AP. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third edition, DSM-III; Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1980.
    1. Association AP. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5®). Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2013.
    1. Addington J, Chaves A, Addington D.. Diagnostic stability over one year in first-episode psychosis. Schizophr Res. 2006;86(1-3):71–75. - PubMed
    1. Heslin M, Lomas B, Lappin JM, et al. . Diagnostic change 10 years after a first episode of psychosis. Psychol Med. 2015;45(13):2757–2769. - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources