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Review
. 2024 Aug 16;76(1):107.
doi: 10.1186/s43044-024-00534-x.

The heart of celiac disease: understanding dilated cardiomyopathy, pathophysiology, and care-a systematic review

Rajesh Yadavalli  1   2 , Sarosh Nawaz  3 , Abdulaziz Mohammed Althwanay  4 , Esraa M AlEdani  5 , Harleen Kaur  6 , Malik Kasapoglu  7 , Pousette Farouk Hamid  8
Affiliations
Review

The heart of celiac disease: understanding dilated cardiomyopathy, pathophysiology, and care-a systematic review

Rajesh Yadavalli et al. Egypt Heart J. .

Abstract

Background: Cardiac manifestations are infrequently reported in association with celiac disease, but clear link has not been established. The aim of this study was to explore the connection of dilated cardiomyopathy in celiac disease. This systematic review also provides a comprehensive overview of the association between celiac disease and various cardiac manifestations with pathophysiology and management.

Main body: We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Embase, Scopus, and Springer nature databases through June 4th 2023 for preferred studies related to our topic using MeSH and Regular keywords. After comprehensive search analysis, data extraction and quality appraisal 19 studies were included in the study. Although results varied across studies, majority of the studies revealed a positive link. Notably, some studies suggested an association between celiac disease and dilated cardiomyopathy, while others did not. These discrepancies could be attributed to differences in methodologies, study populations, and regional variations. Several studies have shown the association of various cardiac manifestations in celiac disease.

Conclusion: Although dilated cardiomyopathy is associated with celiac disease in majority of the studies, there are also studies that conflict with the association. The complex relationship between celiac disease and cardiovascular manifestations potentiates the need for further research with standardized methodologies, larger sample sizes, and consideration of regional variations. Such insights are vital for improving clinical practice by establishing preventive strategies, active screening, early diagnosis, mitigating risks which helps in optimizing cardiovascular health in individuals with celiac disease.

Keywords: Cardiac manifestations; Celiac disease; Dilated cardiomyopathy; Gluten-free diet; Management; Systematic review.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Overview of the study review process according to the PRISMA (2020) flow diagram
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Forest plot: Forest plot for the hazard ratios/ odds ratios. A brief description of diagram including effect size, confidence interval, and statistical significance
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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