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. 2024 Nov;416(27):6149-6159.
doi: 10.1007/s00216-024-05483-7. Epub 2024 Aug 17.

Silver-based bimetallic nanozyme fabrics with peroxidase-mimic activity for urinary glucose detection

Sanjana Naveen Prasad  1 , Sanje Mahasivam  1 , Rajesh Ramanathan  2 , Vipul Bansal  3
Affiliations

Silver-based bimetallic nanozyme fabrics with peroxidase-mimic activity for urinary glucose detection

Sanjana Naveen Prasad et al. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2024 Nov.

Abstract

The enhanced catalytic properties of bimetallic nanoparticles have been extensively investigated. In this study, bimetallic Ag-M (M = Au, Pt, or Pd) cotton fabrics were fabricated using a combination of electroless deposition and galvanic replacement reactions, and improvement in their peroxidase-mimicking catalytic activity compared to that of the parent Ag fabric was studied. The Ag-Pt bimetallic nanozyme fabric, which showed the highest catalytic activity and ability to simultaneously generate hydroxyl (•OH) and superoxide (O2•-) radicals, was assessed as a urine glucose sensor. This nanozyme fabric sensor could directly detect urinary glucose in the pathophysiologically relevant high millimolar range without requiring sample predilution. The sensor could achieve performance on par with that of the current clinical gold standard assay. These features of the Ag-Pt nanozyme sensor, particularly its ability to avoid interference effects from complex urinary matrices, position it as a viable candidate for point-of-care urinary glucose monitoring.

Keywords: Atypical peroxidase; Bimetallic nanoparticles; Colorimetric; Functional fabrics; Nanozyme; Urinalysis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no financial, non-financial, or proprietary interests in any material discussed in this article. Professor Vipul Bansal is a guest editor of ABC but was not involved in the peer review of this paper.

Figures

Scheme 1
Scheme 1
Schematic showing the production of bimetallic Ag-M nanozyme fabrics via galvanic replacement reactions between the Ag fabric and [AuCl4]−, Pd2+, or [PtCl6]2− ions
Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Characterisation of the Ag-Pt fabric, including a SEM images (scale bars correspond to 50 μm for the main figure and 5 μm for the inset); b EDX spectra where the asterisk represents Ag, the diamond symbol represents Pt, and the plus sign represents residual Cl; c EDX maps showing the distribution of the different metals (scale bars correspond to 10 μm); d Ag 3d XPS core level spectra and e Pt 4f XPS core level spectra
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Comparison of the TMB oxidation rates (colourless to blue product) achieved by different nanozyme fabrics after normalising to equivalent weights of the active catalyst (metal) present on these fabrics. The reaction rates for the Cu and Cu-M fabrics are also plotted for comparison, and these were obtained from our previous study that employed similar reaction conditions [17]
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Glucose sensing capabilities of Ag-Pt nanozyme fabric. a Linear absorbance response to increasing glucose concentration, and b sensor specificity for glucose detection, where the concentration of glucose and its analogues was 10 mM
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Urinary glucose sensing capabilities of Ag-Pt nanozyme fabric, presented as a % increase in the colorimetric signal upon exposure of the sensor to undiluted human urine spiked with different concentrations of glucose in the physiologically relevant range
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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