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. 2024 Jul 18;16(7):e64802.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.64802. eCollection 2024 Jul.

Stapedotomy Utilizing a Fixed-Size Prosthesis in a Tertiary Care Center: A Retrospective Study

Rani Hammoud  1 , Aisha Larem  1 , Fatima Emam  2 , Ahmad R Al-Qudimat  3   4 , Adham Aljariri  1 , Abdulsalam Alqahtani  1 , Aya Elderee  1 , Ali Al Saadi  1 , Amr Elhakeem  5 , Hassanin Abdulkarim  1 , Hassan Haidar  1
Affiliations

Stapedotomy Utilizing a Fixed-Size Prosthesis in a Tertiary Care Center: A Retrospective Study

Rani Hammoud et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

Background Stapes surgery success depends on several factors, including the length of the prosthesis used. Whether to use a standard-size prosthesis or measure the length of the stapes prosthesis has been debated in the literature. This study aims to assess the surgical outcomes of a stapedotomy using the standard 4.5 mm prosthesis without custom measurements. Methodology This retrospective study involved patients with otosclerosis who underwent primary stapedotomy using a standardized 4.5 mm fixed-length prosthesis between January 2017 and February 2023 at a tertiary care center. Results Out of 111 charts reviewed, 99 ears (56 males and 43 females) were studied. The mean air-bone gap (ABG) significantly improved from 27.9 ± 9.12 dB preoperatively to 3.95 ± 3.54 dB post-operatively (p-value < 0.05). Hearing results showed that out of 99 ears, 96.96% had a postoperative ABG of ≤10 dB and 98.98% ≤20 dB. Only three patients showed postoperative mild transient dizziness that lasted a few days. None of the patients had persistent dizziness for more than one week. One patient developed postoperative reparative granuloma with tinnitus and sensory-neural hearing loss. None had a recurrence of the conductive hearing loss during the study period. Conclusion Our retrospective study on stapes surgery utilizing a standardized 4.5 mm prosthesis without custom measurements showed notable surgical success and safety. Using a standard-size prosthesis shortens the surgical time and eliminates the complexities associated with intraoperative measurements, potentially reducing the risk of complications.

Keywords: otosclerosis; standard-size stapes prosthesis.; stapedectomy; stapedotomy; stapes surgery.

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Conflict of interest statement

Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Hamad Medical Corporation Surgical Section Committee issued approval SR/RE/2022/18. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Pure tone audiogram
Left chart: preoperative average pure tone audiogram; right chart: postoperative average pure tone audiogram x-axis: frequency in Hz; y-axis: hearing level in dB AC: air conduction; BC: bone conduction
Figure 2
Figure 2. Audiometric results visualized with the AHEP, with preoperative ABG plotted against gain in AC
The solid diagonal line indicates the total closure of the ABG. The area in between the solid and dotted diagonal lines marks ABG closure at ≤20 dB. Every point under the solid diagonal line is defined as an overclosure. An unsuccessful operation result regarding AC is a negative change in AC or a change in AC that was not enough to close the gap between postoperative AC and preoperative BC to 20 dB or less. This is indicated by the area above the dotted diagonal line. ABG: air-bone gap; AC: air conduction; AHEP: Amsterdam Hearing Evaluation Plot
Figure 3
Figure 3. Audiometric results visualized with the AHEP, with postoperative BC plotted against preoperative BC
Two diagonal lines enclose the area within BC that did not change for more than 10 dB. The area under the lower diagonal line indicates improvement in the BC. The area above the upper diagonal line indicates SNHL of more than 10 dB. AHEP: Amsterdam Hearing Evaluation Plot; BC, bone conduction
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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