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. 2024 Jul 5;27(8):110456.
doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110456. eCollection 2024 Aug 16.

Plasma endocannabinoidome and fecal microbiota interplay in people with HIV and subclinical coronary artery disease: Results from the Canadian HIV and Aging Cohort Study

Ralph-Sydney Mboumba Bouassa  1   2 , Giada Giorgini  3 , Cristoforo Silvestri  3   4 , Chanté Muller  3 , Nayudu Nallabelli  3 , Yulia Alexandrova  1 , Madeleine Durand  5 , Cécile Tremblay  5 , Mohamed El-Far  5 , Carl Chartrand-Lefebvre  5 , Marc Messier-Peet  5 , Shari Margolese  6 , Nicolas Flamand  3 , Cecilia T Costiniuk  2   7 , Vincenzo Di Marzo  3   4   8 , Mohammad-Ali Jenabian  1
Affiliations

Plasma endocannabinoidome and fecal microbiota interplay in people with HIV and subclinical coronary artery disease: Results from the Canadian HIV and Aging Cohort Study

Ralph-Sydney Mboumba Bouassa et al. iScience. .

Abstract

Chronic HIV infection is associated with accelerated coronary artery disease (CAD) due to chronic inflammation. The expanded endocannabinoid system (eCBome) and gut microbiota modulate each other and are key regulators of cardiovascular functions and inflammation. We herein investigated the interplay between plasma eCBome mediators and gut microbiota in people with HIV (PWH) and/or subclinical CAD versus HIV-uninfected individuals. CAD was determined by coronary computed tomography (CT) angiography performed on all participants. Plasma eCBome mediator and fecal microbiota composition were assessed by tandem mass spectrometry and 16S rDNA sequencing, respectively. HIV infection was associated with perturbed plasma eCBome mediators characterized by an inverse relationship between anandamide and N-acyl-ethanolamines (NAEs) versus 2-AG and 2-monoacylglycerols (MAGs). Plasma triglyceride levels were positively associated with MAGs. Several fecal bacterial taxa were altered in HIV-CAD+ versus controls and correlated with plasma eCBome mediators. CAD-associated taxonomic alterations in fecal bacterial taxa were not found in PWH.

Keywords: Cardiovascular medicine; Health sciences; Immunology; Medical specialty; Medicine.

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Conflict of interest statement

We have no competing interest to declare.

Figures

None
Graphical abstract
Figure 1
Figure 1
Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and Shannon alpha-diversity index representation of gut microbiotas from study participants according to HIV and coronary artery disease (CAD) (A) PCoA analysis according to CAD status. Red dots correspond to participants without CAD, whereas blue dots correspond to CAD+ participants. (B) PCoA analysis according to HIV status. Red dots correspond to HIV− participants, whereas blue dots correspond to HIV+ participants. (C) PCoA analysis integrating both HIV and CAD status. Red dots correspond to HIV−CAD−participants, blue dots correspond to HIV+CAD− participants, green dots correspond to HIV−CAD+ participants, and purple dots correspond to HIV+CAD+ participants. (D) Shannon alpha-diversity index representation. The graph on the left corresponds to the CAD status. The graph in the middle corresponds to HIV status. The graph on the right corresponds to both HIV and CAD status.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Heatmaps of Spearman correlations between plasma eCBome, fecal microbiota, clinical data, and risk factors associated to coronary artery disease (CAD) among HIV+CAD+ participants Correlations are performed using the cor.test R function, with Bonferroni correction. Positive and negative correlations are displayed in blue and red, respectively, with color intensity being proportional to the coefficient’s value. The ordinate axis on the right represents the scale of coefficients of the Spearman correlation. The two-abscissa axis represents plasma eCBome, fecal microbiota, clinical data, and risk factors associated with CAD. The significance level for p values was set at <0.05. Nota bene: the correlations between microbial families and genus and other variables have been performed only on a subset of study participants from whom the stool specimens have been collected.
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