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. 2024 Aug 20;24(1):2259.
doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19659-4.

Metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease among adult cancer patients: results from NHANES 2007-2018

An-Bang Liu #  1   2   3 , Yu Zhang #  3   4 , Peng Tian  3   4 , Ting-Ting Meng  1   2   3 , Jian-Lin Chen  3   5 , Dan Zhang  3   4 , Yan Zheng  6   7 , Guo-Hai Su  1   2
Affiliations

Metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease among adult cancer patients: results from NHANES 2007-2018

An-Bang Liu et al. BMC Public Health. .

Abstract

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), and CVD is a major challenge for cancer patients. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and association of MetS and CVD among adult cancer patients.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included cancer patients aged > 18 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2018. The prevalence of MetS and CVD was calculated using weighted analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association between MetS and CVD.

Results: The study included 2658 adult cancer patients, of whom 1260 exhibited MetS and 636 had CVD. The weighted prevalence of MetS and CVD in cancer patients was 45.44%, and 19.23%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression showed a 79% increased risk in higher CVD prevalence in cancer patients with MetS, with the OR (95% CI) of 1.79 (1.31, 2.44). Notably, obesity, elevated blood pressure (BP), high glucose, and low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the MetS components were significantly associated with higher CVD prevalence after adjusting for covariates. Moreover, the risk of CVD prevalence in cancer patients increased with more MetS components. Notably, MetS was more strongly linked to CVD in patients aged < 65 and women.

Conclusions: Among adult cancer patients, over two-fifths (45.44%) were estimated to have MetS, while about one-fifth (19.23%) were considered to have CVD. Notably, obesity, elevated BP, high glucose, low HDL-C, and higher number of MetS components were found to be significantly associated with higher CVD prevalence among cancer adults. Cancer patients under 65 and women with MetS may be at increased risk of CVD.

Keywords: Association; Cancer; Cardiovascular disease; Metabolic syndrome; Prevalence.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flowchart of participation selection for adult cancer patients. MCQ, medical condition questionnaire; BMI, body mass index
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Prevalence of exposure variables and CVD for overall cancer participants from NHANES 2007–2018. A Prevalence of MetS, CVD, and MetS with CVD. B Prevalence of MetS components. C Prevalence of MetS by number of components
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Prevalence of exposure variables and CVD in cancer participants by years cycle from NHANES 2007–2018. A Prevalence of MetS, CVD, and MetS with CVD. B Prevalence of MetS without CVD, and CVD without MetS. C Prevalence of MetS components. D Prevalence of MetS by number of components
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Associations of MetS components (4A) and No. of MetS components (4B) with CVD in cancer participants from NHANES 2007–2018. Crude model, Model I, and Model II were shown in black, red, and green, respectively. Crude model was univariate logistic regression model. Model I adjusted for age, sex, and ethnicity. Model II adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, BMI, education, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and physical activity
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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