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. 2024 Jul 31;10(15):e35505.
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35505. eCollection 2024 Aug 15.

Nano-catalytic behavior of CeO2 nanoparticles in dye adsorption: Synthesis through bio-combustion and assessment of UV-light-driven photo-adsorption of indigo carmine dye

Sanjay S Majani  1 , Manoj  1 , M Lavanya  1 , B Swathi  1 , N Anuvarna  1 , Muzaffar Iqbal  2 , Shiva Prasad Kollur  1
Affiliations

Nano-catalytic behavior of CeO2 nanoparticles in dye adsorption: Synthesis through bio-combustion and assessment of UV-light-driven photo-adsorption of indigo carmine dye

Sanjay S Majani et al. Heliyon. .

Abstract

This study explores the adsorption of indigo carmine dye using bio-combusted cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs). CeO2 NPs were synthesized using a bio-combustion method, and then subjected to structural, morphological, and optical characterization for thorough investigation. Structural investigation was carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD), which revealed a cubic structure with evaluated average crystallite size of 11.55 nm. Later, the same was verified by employing W-H plot (13.57 nm). UV-Vis spectroscopy revealed an effective band gap of 3 eV suited for photocatalytic applications. The metal-oxygen phonon band at 986.32 cm-1 and 871.96 cm-1 is confirmed using Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The morphological analysis was done using Transmission and Scanning Electron Microscopy (TEM and SEM), which revealed well-dispersed, aggregated structure enclosing spherical nanoparticles with an average size of ∼14 nm. The early precursors were validated using EDAX analysis and SEM. Optical characteristics were investigated using photoluminescence (PL), which revealed a large charge transfer band between 360 nm and 435 nm. The dye removal efficiency of CeO2 NPs was evaluated against Indigo Carmine dye using UV light. The results showed that the significantly adsorption, with more than 70 % removed after 150 min. Kinetic experiments revealed that the depreciation occurred via a pseudo-first-order reaction process. Furthermore, the impacts of certain factors such as dye dosage, pH, reusability, and scavenger on adsorption rate were explored and shown to be effective values for the adsorption process. This study emphasizes the potential of CeO2 NPs as excellent photocatalysts for environmental remediation, especially in dye removal applications.

Keywords: Bio-combusted; Indigo carmine; Manilkara zapota; UV-Light-driven.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
PXRD profile of CeO2 NPs well in agreement with the card #96-156-2990.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
W–H plot of CeO2 NPs using the respective diffraction peaks.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
(a) DRS spectrum of as-synthesized CeO2 NPs recorded between 200 and 700 nm and (b) respective band-gap evaluation.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
IR spectrum confirming the metal-complex formation in as-prepared CeO2 NPs.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
SEM images of prepared CeO2 NPs at (a) 2 μm and (b) 1 μm magnification.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
EDAX spectrum affirming the precursors used in the synthesis process.
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
TEM images (a–c), SAED image (d), and d-spacing evaluation (e and f) of as-synthesized CeO2 NPs.
Fig. 8
Fig. 8
Emission spectrum of as-prepared CeO2 NPs.
Fig. 9
Fig. 9
(a–d) Time-dependent CeO2 photocatalyst dosage effect on the absorbance spectra of IC dye, following (e–h) %D at respective time and (i–l) kinetics involved in respective adsorption.
Fig. 10
Fig. 10
Effect of (a) Dye dosage, (b) pH, (c) reusability, and (d) scavenger type on adsorption rate of IC dye.
Fig. 11
Fig. 11
Detailed representation of IC dye adsorption on bio-synthesized CeO2 NPs.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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