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. 2024 Aug;14(8):e3634.
doi: 10.1002/brb3.3634.

Altered gyrification in chemotherapy-treated older long-term breast cancer survivors

Ebenezer Daniel  1 , Frank Deng  1 , Sunita K Patel  2 , Mina S Sedrak  3 , Heeyoung Kim  4 , Marianne Razavi  5 , Can-Lan Sun  4 , James C Root  6 , Tim A Ahles  6 , William Dale  4   5 , Bihong T Chen  1   4
Affiliations

Altered gyrification in chemotherapy-treated older long-term breast cancer survivors

Ebenezer Daniel et al. Brain Behav. 2024 Aug.

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this prospective longitudinal study was to evaluate the changes in brain surface gyrification in older long-term breast cancer survivors 5-15 years after chemotherapy treatment.

Methods: Older breast cancer survivors aged ≥ 65 years treated with chemotherapy (C+) or without chemotherapy (C-) 5-15 years prior and age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited (time point 1 (TP1)) and followed up for 2 years (time point 2 (TP2)). Study assessments for both time points included neuropsychological (NP) testing with the NIH Toolbox cognition battery and cortical gyrification analysis based on brain MRI.

Results: The study cohort with data for both TP1 and TP2 consisted of the following: 10 participants for the C+ group, 12 participants for the C- group, and 13 participants for the HC group. The C+ group had increased gyrification in six local gyral regions including the right fusiform, paracentral, precuneus, superior, middle temporal gyri and left pars opercularis gyrus, and it had decreased gyrification in two local gyral regions from TP1 to TP2 (p < .05, Bonferroni corrected). The C- and HC groups showed decreased gyrification only (p < .05, Bonferroni corrected). In the C+ group, changes in right paracentral gyrification and crystalized composite scores were negatively correlated (R = -0.76, p = .01).

Conclusions: Altered gyrification could be the neural correlate of cognitive changes in older chemotherapy-treated long-term breast cancer survivors.

Keywords: breast cancer; cancer‐related cognitive impairment; chemotherapy; gyrification index.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors had no relevant financial or nonfinancial interests to disclose.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Brain regions with longitudinal changes in gyrification within the chemotherapy (C+) group. The altered regions are (a) left cuneus, (b) left superior parietal gyrus, (c) left pars opercularis, (d) right fusiform gyrus, (e) right middle temporal gyrus, (f) right precuneus, (g) right superior temporal gyrus, and (h) right middle temporal gyrus. L, left hemisphere; R, right hemisphere. Results were Bonferroni corrected at significant level of .05.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Brain regions with decreased gyrification within the nonchemotherapy control (C‐) group. These regions included the following: (a) left isthmus cingulate gyrus, (b) left supramarginal gyrus, (c) left fusiform gyrus, (d) left lingual gyrus, (e) right inferior temporal gyrus, (f) right lateral orbitofrontal gyrus, (g) right caudal middle frontal gyrus. L, left hemisphere; R, right hemisphere. Results were Bonferroni corrected at significant level of .05.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Brain regions with decreased gyrification within the healthy control (HC) group. These regions included the following: (a) left paracentral gyrus, (b) left superior frontal gyrus, (c) left caudal anterior cingulate gyrus, (d) left postcentral gyrus, (e) left transverse temporal gyrus, (f) left precuneus, (g) right superior frontal gyrus, (h) right supramarginal gyrus, (i) right superior frontal gyrus, and (j) right caudal middle frontal gyrus. L, left hemisphere; R, right hemisphere. Results were Bonferroni corrected at significant level of .05.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Correlation of longitudinal changes between the right paracentral gyrification values and the crystallized composite scores. (a) chemotherapy (C+) group, (b) no‐chemotherapy (C‐) group, and (c) healthy control (HC) group. R: the Pearson's correlation coefficient with significance set at p ≤ .05.
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