Pharmacokinetic-based Dosing Individualization of Mycophenolate Mofetil in Solid Organ Transplanted Patients

Abstract

Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is an immunosuppressant drug approved for prophylaxis of transplant rejection in patients undergoing solid organ transplantation and is further employed in management of various autoimmune disorders. MMF exhibits notable pharmacokinetic inter- and intraindividual variability necessitating tailored therapeutic approaches to achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes while mitigating risks of adverse effects. The objective of this review was to summarize factors that influence the pharmacokinetics of MMF and its active metabolite mycophenolic acid in order to deduce recommendations for personalized treatment strategies. Presumed predictors were analysed in relation to each of the four pharmacokinetic phases, providing tools and targets for MMF dosing optimization amenable to clinical implementation.

Keywords: Immunosuppressants; Mycophenolate mofetil; Mycophenolic acid; Personalized medicine; Pharmacokinetics; Therapeutic drug monitoring.