Self-compassion-based online group psychotherapy for bereavement-related grief: The COMPACT feasibility trial

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to examine the feasibility and effectiveness of online group psychotherapy focused on self-compassion for individuals experiencing bereavement-related grief.

Method: This single-arm feasibility trial involved participants aged 18 years or older who had experienced bereavement at least 6 months prior the five-week intervention. Outcomes were measured at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and 4 and 12 weeks later. The primary endpoint was the percentage of participants who completed four out of five sessions; the pre-defined feasibility criterion was 70%. Secondary endpoints included measures of grief, depression, anxiety, self-compassion, and resilience.

Results: The program was conducted in three courses with 18, 26, and 16 participants, respectively. The primary endpoint was met for 83.1% of participants (54/65). Cohen's d effect sizes ([95% CI] 12 weeks vs. baseline) for grief, depression, anxiety, self-compassion, and resilience were - 0.25 [-0.52, 0.03], -0.64 [-0.94, -0.34], -0.48 [-0.77, -0.19], 0.50 [0.21, 0.79], and - 0.07 [-0.34, 0.21], respectively.

Conclusions: Online group psychotherapy focused on self-compassion for individuals with bereavement-related grief is feasible and effective for addressing grief and psychological distress. Randomized controlled trials are warranted to confirm the intervention's efficacy.

Trial registration number: UMIN000048554, registered 2 August 2022.

Keywords: Bereavement clinical trial; Bereavement therapy; Clinical trial psychotherapy; Grief counseling; Internet-based therapy; Online therapy; Self-compassion therapy.