Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2024 Dec;35(12):1640-1654.
doi: 10.1111/clr.14351. Epub 2024 Aug 23.

Survival and complication rates of tooth- and implant-supported restorations after an observation period up to 36 years

Frank M Bischof  1 , Ayse A Mathey  1 , Alexandra Stähli  2 , Giovanni E Salvi  2 , Urs Brägger  1
Affiliations

Survival and complication rates of tooth- and implant-supported restorations after an observation period up to 36 years

Frank M Bischof et al. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2024 Dec.

Abstract

Background: Tooth- and implant-supported fixed dental prostheses are well-documented and aesthetic treatment alternatives, and after a comprehensive periodontal treatment, a protocol with a good long-term prognosis if the maintenance program is strictly followed.

Aim: To reexamine a pre-existing patient cohort in order to obtain estimated long-term survival and complication outcomes of fixed dental prostheses.

Materials and methods: For this study, patients treated with fixed dental prostheses between 1978 and 2002 were reexamined between 2019 and 2020. The restorations were divided in single crowns and fixed dental prostheses supported by teeth (TSC, FPTDP) and implants (ISC, FPIDP). Survival and complication rates were obtained. Kaplan-Meier functions were used to model complication probabilities, and average hazard ratios of different strata were compared using weighted Cox regression.

Results: The mean observation time of 40 patients and 223 reconstructions was 20.3 (±9.7, 1.2-36.2) years. The estimated survival rates were 84% (CI: 77%-92%) for TSC, 63% (CI: 51%-79%) for FPTDP, 87% (CI: 71%-100%) for ISC, and 64% (CI: 34%-100%) for FPIDP after 25 years. Biological complications included carious lesions (10.6%), periodontitis (7.9%), and peri-implantitis (6.8%). Technical complications included chipping (20.2%) and loss of retention (10.8%).

Conclusion: Biological complications lead to abutment loss in more than two-thirds of cases, regardless of the type of abutment (tooth or implant). Technical complications are less associated with abutment loss than biological complications.

Keywords: biological complications; dental implants; fixed dental prostheses; long‐term survival rates; technical complications.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest related to this study.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
(a) Kaplan–Meier survival probabilities of different implant‐supported restorations: p = .053, compared by weighted Cox regression. (b) Kaplan–Meier survival probabilities of different tooth‐supported restorations: p = .053, compared by weighted Cox regression.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
(a) Cumulative probability of different tooth‐supported restorations for having any complication: p = .16, compared by weighted Cox regression. (b) Cumulative probability of different implant‐supported restorations for having any complication: p = .16, compared by weighted Cox regression.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Kaplan–Meier survival probabilities of different materials: *p < .001, compared by weighted Cox regression.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Cumulative probability of having a biological complication by endodontic pretreatment of tooth abutments: *p = .03 for TSC and p < .001 for FPTDP, compared by weighted Cox regression.
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
Kaplan–Meier survival probabilities for implant‐supported restorations by type of retention: *p < .001, compared by weighted Cox regression.
FIGURE 6
FIGURE 6
Cumulative probability of having a complication by type of retention: *p < .001, compared by weighted Cox regression.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Aglietta, M. , Siciliano, V. I. , Zwahlen, M. , Bragger, U. , Pjetursson, B. E. , Lang, N. P. , & Salvi, G. E. (2009). A systematic review of the survival and complication rates of implant supported fixed dental prostheses with cantilever extensions after an observation period of at least 5 years. Clinical Oral Implants Research, 20(5), 441–451. 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2009.01706.x - DOI - PubMed
    1. Albrektsson, T. , Donos, N. , & Working Group . (2012). Implant survival and complications. The third EAO consensus conference 2012. Clinical Oral Implants Research, 23(Suppl. 6), 63–65. 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2012.02557.x - DOI - PubMed
    1. Alsterstal‐Englund, H. , Moberg, L. E. , Petersson, J. , & Smedberg, J. I. (2021). A retrospective clinical evaluation of extensive tooth‐supported fixed dental prostheses after 10 years. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 125(1), 65–72. 10.1016/j.prosdent.2019.10.009 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Bart, I. , Dobler, B. , Schmidlin, K. , Zwahlen, M. , Salvi, G. E. , Lang, N. P. , & Bragger, U. (2012). Complication and failure rates of tooth‐supported fixed dental prostheses after 7 to 19 years in function. The International Journal of Prosthodontics, 25(4), 360–367. - PubMed
    1. Berglundh, T. , Armitage, G. , Araujo, M. G. , Avila‐Ortiz, G. , Blanco, J. , Camargo, P. M. , Chen, S. , Cochran, D. , Derks, J. , Figuero, E. , Hämmerle, C. H. , Heitz‐Mayfield, L. J. A. , Huynh‐Ba, G. , Iacono, V. , Koo, K.‐T. , Lambert, F. , McCauley, L. , Quirynen, M. , Renvert, S. , … Zitzmann, N. (2018). Peri‐implant diseases and conditions: Consensus report of workgroup 4 of the 2017 world workshop on the classification of periodontal and peri‐implant diseases and conditions. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 45(Suppl. 20), S286–S291. 10.1111/jcpe.12957 - DOI - PubMed