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. 2025 Feb;398(2):1841-1851.
doi: 10.1007/s00210-024-03391-2. Epub 2024 Aug 24.

The renoprotective effects of cannabidiol on lipopolysaccharide-induced systemic inflammation model of rats

İlter İlhan  1 , Halil Asci  2 , Ozlem Ozmen  3 , Halil İbrahim Buyukbayram  4 , Melih Arlıoglu  2 , Okan Kurtbolat  5
Affiliations

The renoprotective effects of cannabidiol on lipopolysaccharide-induced systemic inflammation model of rats

İlter İlhan et al. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2025 Feb.

Abstract

Sepsis-induced renal damage poses a significant threat, necessitating effective therapeutic strategies. Cannabidiol (CBD) has beneficial effects on tissues and their functions by exhibiting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study investigates the potential protective effects of CBD in mitigating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced renal injury in Wistar Albino rats. Thirty-two Wistar Albino rats were categorized into control, LPS (5 mg/kg i.p.), LPS + CBD, and CBD (5 mg/kg i.p.) groups. After the experiment, samples were collected for biochemical, genetic, histopathological, and immunohistochemical analyses. Oxidative stress markers as total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), malondialdehyde (MDA), immune staining as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-10 (IL-10), caspase-3, gene expressions as nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), caspase-9, glucose-regulating protein 78 (GRP78), B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (Bcl2), and tissue histology have been examined. The LPS-exposed group exhibited significant renal abnormalities, mitigated by CBD intervention in the LPS + CBD group. CBD reduced immunoexpression scores for TNF-α, caspase-3, and IL-10. Biochemically, CBD induced a positive shift in the oxidative balance, increasing TAS, SOD, and GPx, while decreasing TOS, OSI, and MDA levels. Genetic analyses highlighted CBD's regulatory impact on NRF2, CHOP, caspase-9, GRP78, and Bcl2, providing molecular insights into its protective role against LPS-induced renal damage. This study underscores CBD as a promising protective agent against sepsis-induced renal damage. Our findings could provide valuable insights into potential therapeutic avenues for addressing renal complications in sepsis.

Keywords: Apoptosis; Cannabidiol; Inflammation; Oxidative stress; Renal protection; Sepsis.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Ethical approval: The animal experiments were approved by the local animal ethics committee of Suleyman Demirel University (Ethic No: 08.06.2023/06–188). The experiment was conducted according to the recommendations for animal care and experimentation of the relevant European Communities Council Directive (86/609/EEC). Conflict of interest: The authors declare no competing interests.

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