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Meta-Analysis
. 2024 Jan-Dec:21:14799731241277808.
doi: 10.1177/14799731241277808.

Clinically important changes and adverse events with centre-based or home-based pulmonary rehabilitation in chronic respiratory disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Janet Bondarenko  1   2 , Simone Dal Corso  2 , Michael P Dillon  3 , Sally Singh  4   5 , Belinda R Miller  2   6 , Caroline Kein  6 , Anne E Holland  1   2   6 , Arwel W Jones  2
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Clinically important changes and adverse events with centre-based or home-based pulmonary rehabilitation in chronic respiratory disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Janet Bondarenko et al. Chron Respir Dis. 2024 Jan-Dec.

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the proportion of people who achieve minimal clinically important differences (MCID) with centre-based or home-based pulmonary rehabilitation and to synthesise data on adverse events.Methods: Cochrane reviews and electronic databases were searched to identify randomised trials comparing centre-based to home-based pulmonary rehabilitation, or either model to usual care, in people with chronic respiratory disease. Primary outcomes were the proportion of participants achieving MCIDs in exercise capacity and disease-specific quality of life. Secondary outcomes were symptoms and adverse events. Cochrane Risk of Bias 1.0 and GRADE were used to assess the risk of bias and certainty of evidence respectively.Results: Forty-nine trials were eligible. Compared to usual care, a higher proportion of pulmonary rehabilitation participants achieved the MCID for exercise capacity (6MWT: 47% vs 20%, p = 0.11), dyspnoea (43% vs 29%, p = 0.0001), fatigue (48% vs 27%, p = 0.0002) and emotional function (37% vs 25%, p = 0.02), with all of these between group differences statistically significant except for exercise capacity. There were no differences between centre-based and home-based pulmonary rehabilitation in the proportion of participants who achieved MCIDs (34%- 58% across studies). Ninety percent of trials reported no adverse events. Certainty of evidence was low-to- moderate with all outcomes except for CRQ-mastery (centre-based vs home-based pulmonary rehabilitation, or pulmonary rehabilitation vs usual care in COPD), ESWT (pulmonary rehabilitation vs usual care in COPD) and 6MWT (pulmonary rehabilitation vs usual care in bronchiectasis) where evidence was very uncertain.Discussion: Clinically meaningful outcomes are achieved by similar proportions of participants in centre-based and home-based pulmonary rehabilitation, with few adverse events. Reporting of trial outcomes according to MCIDs is necessary for informed decision making regarding pulmonary rehabilitation models.

Keywords: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; bronchiectasis; exercise training; interstitial lung disease; rehabilitation.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of conflicting interestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
PRISMA flow diagram.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Meta-analysis of the number of participants to achieve MCID in 6MWT following A) pulmonary rehabilitation vs usual care in COPD; B) pulmonary rehabilitation vs usual care in ILD; or C) home-based pulmonary rehabilitation vs centre-based pulmonary rehabilitation. Events = number of participants in group to achieve MCID; Totals = total number of participants in group.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Meta-analysis of the number of participants to achieve MCID following pulmonary rehabilitation vs usual care in COPD in A) CRQ-Dyspnea B) CRQ-Fatigue C) CRQ-emotional function; or D) CRQ-Mastery. Events = number of participants in group to achieve MCID; Totals = total number of participants in group.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Meta-analysis of the number of participants to achieve MCID following home-based pulmonary rehabilitation vs centre-based pulmonary rehabilitation in A) CRQ-Dyspnoea B) CRQ-Fatigue C) CRQ-Emotional Function; or D) CRQ-Mastery. Events = number of participants in group to achieve MCID; Totals = total number of participants in group.
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