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. 2024 Dec 16;230(6):1410-1421.
doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiae303.

Trends and Patterns of HIV Transmitted Drug Resistance in China From 2018 to 2023

Jingrong Ye  1 , Yuan Dong  2 , Yun Lan  3 , Jing Chen  1 , Ying Zhou  4 , Jinjin Liu  5 , Dan Yuan  6 , Xinli Lu  7 , Weigui Guo  8 , Minna Zheng  9 , Hong Yang  10 , Xiao Song  11 , Cong Liu  12 , Quanhua Zhou  13 , Chenli Zheng  14 , Qi Guo  15 , Xiaohui Yang  16 , Lincai Zhang  17 , Zhangwen Ge  18 , Lifeng Liu  19 , Fengting Yu  20 , Yang Han  21 , Huihuang Huang  22 , Mingqiang Hao  1 , Yuhua Ruan  23 , Jianjun Wu  24 , Jianjun Li  25 , Qiang Chen  1 , Zhen Ning  2 , Xuemei Ling  3 , Chang Zhou  6 , Xuangu Liu  8 , Jianyun Bai  9 , Ya Gao  10 , Xue Tong  11 , Kangping Zhou  12 , Fanghua Mei  12 , Zhengrong Yang  14 , Ao Wang  15 , Wei Wei  16 , Ruijuan Qiao  17 , Xinhua Luo  18 , Xiaojie Huang  19 , Juan Wang  1 , Xin Shen  2 , Fengyu Hu  3 , Linglin Zhang  6 , Wei Tan  14 , Jixiang Fan  15 , Aixia Tu  17 , Guolong Yu  26 , Yong Fang  27 , Shufang He  1 , Xin Chen  2 , Donglin Wu  15 , Xinhui Zhang  28 , Ruolei Xin  1 , Xin He  27 , Xianlong Ren  1 , Conghui Xu  1 , Yanming Sun  1 , Yang Li  1 , Guowu Liu  1 , Xiyao Li  1 , Junyi Duan  19 , Tao Huang  19 , Yiming Shao  23 , Yi Feng  23 , Qichao Pan  2 , Bin Su  19 , Tianjun Jiang  22 , Hongxin Zhao  20 , Tong Zhang  19 , Faqing Chen  17 , Bing Hu  16 , Hui Wang  15 , Jin Zhao  14 , Kun Cai  12 , Wei Sun  11 , Baicheng Gao  10 , Tielin Ning  9 , Shu Liang  6 , Yuqi Huo  5 , Gengfeng Fu  4 , Feng Li  3 , Yi Lin  2   29   30 , Hui Xing  23 , Hongyan Lu  1
Affiliations

Trends and Patterns of HIV Transmitted Drug Resistance in China From 2018 to 2023

Jingrong Ye et al. J Infect Dis. .

Abstract

Background: National treatment guidelines of China evolving necessitates population-level surveillance of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) to inform or update HIV treatment strategies.

Methods: We analyzed the demographic, clinical, and virologic data obtained from people with HIV (PWH) residing in 31 provinces of China who were newly diagnosed between 2018 and 2023. Evidence of TDR was defined by the World Health Organization list for surveillance of drug resistance mutations.

Results: Among the 22 124 PWH with protease and reverse transcriptase sequences, 965 (4.36%; 95% CI, 4.1-4.63) had at least 1 TDR mutation. The most frequent TDR mutations were nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) mutations (2.39%; 95% CI, 2.19%-2.59%), followed by nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor mutations(1.35%; 95% CI, 1.2%-1.5%) and protease inhibitor mutations (1.12%; 95% CI, .98%-1.26%). The overall protease and reverse transcriptase TDR increased significantly from 4.05% (95% CI, 3.61%-4.52%) in 2018 to 5.39% (95% CI, 4.33%-6.57%) in 2023. A low level of integrase strand transfer inhibitor TDR was detected in 9 (0.21%; 95% CI, .1%-.38%) of 4205 PWH.

Conclusions: Presently, the continued use of NNRTI-based first-line antiretroviral therapy regimen for HIV treatment has been justified.

Keywords: China; DTG; HIV; dolutegravir; transmitted drug resistance.

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Conflict of interest statement

Potential conflicts of interest. All authors: No reported conflicts. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed.

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