Association between vision-related quality of life and mental health status in myopia children using various optical correction aids

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between vision-related quality of life and mental health in myopia children with various optical aids.

Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled children aged 8-13 years, exhibiting myopia ranging from -4.50 to -0.75 D, and utilizing various optical aids for correction. Full ocular examinations and completion of two questionnaires were performed. Vision-related quality of life was evaluated using the Paediatric Refractive Error Profile (PREP), and mental health status was assessed utilising the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED). Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to evaluate the association between vision-related quality of life and mental health status.

Results: The study sample comprised 209 children with corrected myopia using single vision spectacles (100 [47.8 %]), soft contact lenses (66 [31.6 %]), and orthokeratology lenses (43 [20.6 %]). The mean age was 10.31 ± 1.65 y, and males accounted for 50.7 % of the sample. The distribution of demographic characteristics showed no significant difference among all correction types, except that the myopia duration was longer for orthokeratology lens wearers than those using spectacles (P=0.03). Contact lens showed clear benefits in almost all dimensions of vision-related quality of life, especially in appearance, satisfaction, activity and peer perceptions dimensions. The prevalence of anxiety disorders among spectacle wearers was 25.0 %, the highest among all groups. For myopia children with optical corrections, not being in the top 30 percent of their class rank, reporting lower PREP scores on symptoms, handling and peer perceptions dimensions were related with a higher prevalence of anxiety disorders.

Conclusions: Lower vision-related quality of life was associated with worse mental health status of myopia children with optical corrections. Identifying this association is crucial for protecting the mental health of myopia children and enhancing corrective measures.

Keywords: Children; Mental health; Myopia; Optical corrections; Vision-related quality of life.