Tirzepatide: unveiling a new dawn in dual-targeted diabetes and obesity management

Abstract

Introduction: Incretin-based therapies have emerged as effective treatments for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. However, not all patients achieve optimal outcomes with existing treatments, highlighting the need for more effective solutions.

Areas covered: We present a comprehensive evaluation of Tirzepatide (TZP), a novel dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide/glucagon-like peptide-1 (GIP/GLP-1) receptor agonist, for managing obesity and T2D. We conducted a systematic search of Cochrane, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from inception to April 2024. The focus of the review is on the development and therapeutic potential of TZP, with detailed exploration on pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, and safety. Furthermore, it reviews TZP's impacts on glycemic control, weight management, and its potential cardiovascular (CV) benefits.

Expert opinion: TZP represents a significant advancement in the dual-targeted approach to treating T2D and obesity. Its unique mechanism of action offers superior efficacy in reducing glycemic levels and body weight compared to existing therapies. New data suggesting improvements in CV outcomes indicate that TZP could set a new standard in the treatment paradigm. While long-term data on efficacy and safety are still forthcoming, current evidence positions TZP as a promising option for patients who have not reached their therapeutic goals with existing treatments.

Keywords: Tirzepatide; glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1); glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP); obesity; type 2 diabetes.