Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2024 Aug 5;14(8):2248-2261.
doi: 10.3390/ejihpe14080150.

Psychometric Reliability to Assess the Perception of Women's Fulfillment of Maternity Rights

Claudia Susana Silva-Fernández  1 , María de la Calle  2 , Paul Anthony Camacho  3 , Silvia M Arribas  4   5   6 , Eva Garrosa  1   5 , David Ramiro-Cortijo  4   5   6
Affiliations

Psychometric Reliability to Assess the Perception of Women's Fulfillment of Maternity Rights

Claudia Susana Silva-Fernández et al. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ. .

Abstract

The fulfillment of rights to maternal healthcare is a key factor for the wellbeing of women. However, there is a lack of an instrument to ascertain the experience of women during maternity to enable adequate monitoring. The aim of this study was to validate a new instrument to measure women's perception of the fulfillment of rights during healthcare in pregnancy and childbirth and immediately postpartum. The initial version of the instrument consists of 50 items and was validated using exploratory factor analysis. Additionally, the final version of the instrument consists of 29 items and was validated by confirmatory factor analysis and known-group validity. The instrument was applied to 185 Spanish women. The global Aiken's V of the initial instrument proposal was 0.89. The process resulted in an instrument with five factors (information, privacy, consent, support, and participation) that explained the 60% of the total variance. The score of the instrument was correlated with resilience, maternity beliefs, and positive and negative affect. External validation showed relations with age, gravida, and the number of times a woman has been in labor. Additionally, the Cronbach's α reliability was 0.93 [0.91; 0.94]. In conclusion, the instrument developed is consistent and has appropriate psychometric properties for assessing the fulfillment rights of maternity healthcare.

Keywords: healthcare during pregnancy; maternity rights; perception of fulfillment; vulnerability.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The confirmatory factor analysis model. The value shown represents the standardized estimates variance of each factor and the fulfillment in maternity rights (FMR) global score.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Spearman´s Rho coefficient matrix between factors and the global direct and standardized score of the fulfillment in maternity rights (FMR) instrument. Standardized (std), Factor 1 = Information, Factor 2 = Privacy, Factor 3 = Consent, Factor 4 = Support, Factor 5 = Participation.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Bohren M.A., Vogel J.P., Hunter E.C., Lutsiv O., Makh S.K., Souza J.P., Aguiar C., Saraiva Coneglian F., Diniz A.L.A., Tunçalp Ö., et al. The Mistreatment of Women during Childbirth in Health Facilities Globally: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review. PLoS Med. 2015;12:e1001847. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001847. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Schroll A.-M., Kjærgaard H., Midtgaard J. Encountering Abuse in Health Care; Lifetime Experiences in Postnatal Women—A Qualitative Study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2013;13:74. doi: 10.1186/1471-2393-13-74. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Silva-Fernandez C.S., de la Calle M., Arribas S.M., Garrosa E., Ramiro-Cortijo D. Factors Associated with Obstetric Violence Implicated in the Development of Postpartum Depression and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review. Nurs. Rep. 2023;13:1553–1576. doi: 10.3390/nursrep13040130. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Baumont M.S., Dekker C.S., Rabinovitch Blecker N., Turlington Burns C., Strauss N.E. Every Mother Counts: Listening to Mothers to Transform Maternity Care. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2023;228:S954–S964. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.12.306. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Lukasse M., Schroll A., Karro H., Schei B., Steingrimsdottir T., Van Parys A., Ryding E.L., Tabor A. Prevalence of Experienced Abuse in Healthcare and Associated Obstetric Characteristics in Six European Countries. Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand. 2015;94:508–517. doi: 10.1111/aogs.12593. - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources