Pulmonary Benign Metastasizing Leiomyoma in a Postmenopausal Woman: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Abstract

Pulmonary benign metastasizing leiomyoma (PBML) is a rare condition characterized by the spread of uterine leiomyomas to the lungs, typically observed in premenopausal women with a history of hysterectomy or myomectomy. This report presents a unique case of a postmenopausal woman, aged 65, that emphasizes the clinical, radiological, histologic, and immunohistochemical aspects of the disease. On presentation, the patient suffered from severe pain. On imaging, a sizable lung tumor was found. Histopathological examination and immunoprofiling confirmed PBML. The patient underwent various treatments, including surgery, radiation therapy, and hormonal therapy, illustrating the challenges in managing PBML. A literature review underscores the rarity of PBML and its diverse clinical manifestations. This study provides valuable insights into the complexities of PBML.

Keywords: PBML; diagnosis; hormone therapy; postmenopausal; pulmonary benign metastasizing leiomyoma.

Figure 1

Chest CT scan. (A) first; (B) last. CT—computed tomography.

Figure 2

Pathological findings in the right lung through core-needle lung biopsy. Hematoxylin and Eosin stain at (A) 40× and (B) 200× magnification.

Figure 3

Immunohistochemical staining results showing (A) positivity for desmin (200×) and (B) positivity for the estrogen receptor (ER) (400×).

Figure 4

Chronology of events in the presented case.