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Review
. 2024 Sep 1;50(9S):S112-S116.
doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000004346. Epub 2024 Jul 24.

New and Future Developments in Neurotoxins

Steve Yoelin  1 , Deirdre Hooper  2
Affiliations
Review

New and Future Developments in Neurotoxins

Steve Yoelin et al. Dermatol Surg. .

Abstract

Background: There are 7 known serotypes of botulinum neurotoxins (A through G). Currently, commercially available toxins are those in serotypes A and B. This paper will discuss new toxins on the horizon, developments in prolonging and shortening the duration of outcomes, and novel therapeutic indications on the horizon.

Objective: To provide insight into new toxins and new therapeutic modalities surrounding toxins on the horizon.

Methods: The authors have reviewed the relevant literature and shared their insights and opinions as to future developments in toxin research and potential clinical applications.

Conclusion: Botulinum neurotoxin type E's faster onset and shorter duration of effect represent true clinical differentiators. Future development of botulinum neurotoxin type E for aesthetic and therapeutic uses will be in areas where fast onset and short duration of effect are desirable. Current challenges with neuromodulators include the need for frequent treatments and lack of reversal agents. Agents to address both challenges and novel indications, including inhibition of melanogenesis, are being developed.

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References

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    1. Kumaran D, Eswaramoorthy S, Furey W, Navaza J, et al. Domain organization in Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type E is unique: its implication in faster translocation. J Mol Biol 2009;386:233–45.
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    1. Tsai YC, Kotiya A, Kiris E, Yang M, et al. Deubiquitinating enzyme VCIP135 dictates the duration of botulinum neurotoxin type A intoxication. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017;114:E5158–66.
    1. Wang J, Meng J, Lawrence GW, Zurawski TH, et al. Novel chimeras of botulinum neurotoxins A and E unveil contributions from the binding, translocation, and protease domains to their functional characteristics. J Biol Chem 2008;283:16993-7002.

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