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. 2024 Jul 31;11(8):773.
doi: 10.3390/bioengineering11080773.

A Novel Time-Frequency Parameterization Method for Oscillations in Specific Frequency Bands and Its Application on OPM-MEG

Xiaoyu Liang  1   2   3 , Ruonan Wang  1   2 , Huanqi Wu  1   2 , Yuyu Ma  1   2 , Changzeng Liu  1   2 , Yang Gao  1   2   4   5 , Dexin Yu  6 , Xiaolin Ning  1   2   3   4   5
Affiliations

A Novel Time-Frequency Parameterization Method for Oscillations in Specific Frequency Bands and Its Application on OPM-MEG

Xiaoyu Liang et al. Bioengineering (Basel). .

Abstract

Time-frequency parameterization for oscillations in specific frequency bands reflects the dynamic changes in the brain. It is related to cognitive behavior and diseases and has received significant attention in neuroscience. However, many studies do not consider the impact of the aperiodic noise and neural activity, including their time-varying fluctuations. Some studies are limited by the low resolution of the time-frequency spectrum and parameter-solved operation. Therefore, this paper proposes super-resolution time-frequency periodic parameterization of (transient) oscillation (STPPTO). STPPTO obtains a super-resolution time-frequency spectrum with Superlet transform. Then, the time-frequency representation of oscillations is obtained by removing the aperiodic component fitted in a time-resolved way. Finally, the definition of transient events is used to parameterize oscillations. The performance of this method is validated on simulated data and its reliability is demonstrated on magnetoencephalography. We show how it can be used to explore and analyze oscillatory activity under rhythmic stimulation.

Keywords: MEG; aperiodic component fitting; cortical oscillations; time–frequency parameterization.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The principle of STPPTO. The process of STPPTO includes calculation of the time–frequency spectrum of source signal with SLT. Then, the TFR of aperiodic components are fitted and periodic TFR are separated. Finally, oscillations from periodic TFR are parameterized.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The parameters of alpha-band (a) and beta-band (b) oscillations calculated by SPRiNT, s-PAPTO, and STPPTO in Simulation II. Ground is the ground truth of oscillation parameters. Error bars represent a 95% confidence interval (C.I.). **** p < 0.0001, *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05, and ns p > 0.05.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The results of the transient alpha oscillations of the primary visual cortex in resting-state SQUID-MEG (a) and OPM-MEG (b). Top panel: the mean bar charts of transient alpha oscillation peak frequency, frequency span, and duration with SPRiNT, s-PAPTO, and STPPTO. Error bars represent 95% C.I. for all transient oscillations of all subjects. **** p < 0.0001, *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.01, and * p < 0.05. Bottom panel: Bayes factor quantifying peak frequency, frequency span, and duration of STPPTO compared to those of SPRiNT and s-PAPTO. This information of the beta band is shown in Figure S3.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The results of the transient alpha oscillations of the primary visual cortex in resting-state SQUID-MEG (a) and OPM-MEG (b). Top panel: the mean bar charts of transient alpha oscillation peak frequency, frequency span, and duration with SPRiNT, s-PAPTO, and STPPTO. Error bars represent 95% C.I. for all transient oscillations of all subjects. **** p < 0.0001, *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.01, and * p < 0.05. Bottom panel: Bayes factor quantifying peak frequency, frequency span, and duration of STPPTO compared to those of SPRiNT and s-PAPTO. This information of the beta band is shown in Figure S3.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The CVs of frequency span, onset time, duration, and peak power for multiple trials. stim#1, stim#2, and stim#3 represent the 3 Hz, 6.5 Hz, and 8.5 Hz stimuli, respectively.
Figure 5
Figure 5
The mean bar charts of frequency span, onset time, duration, and peak power of oscillation of the dominant hemisphere with 1st, 2nd, and 3rd order harmonic of the left-eye (a) (ROIs: Right V1 + O6) and right-eye (b) (ROIs: Left V1 + O6) stimulus. Error bars represent 95% C.I. **** p < 0.0001, *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05, and ns p > 0.05.
Figure 6
Figure 6
The mean bar of frequency span, onset time, duration, and peak power of oscillations in the primary visual cortex of the different dominant hemispheres. Error bars represent 95% C.I. **** p < 0.0001, * p < 0.05, ns p > 0.05.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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