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Review
. 2024 Aug 5;12(8):1765.
doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12081765.

The Interactions between Smoking and Sleep

Ioanna Grigoriou  1 , Serafeim-Chrysovalantis Kotoulas  2 , Konstantinos Porpodis  3 , Dionysios Spyratos  3 , Ioanna Papagiouvanni  4 , Alexandros Tsantos  5 , Anastasia Michailidou  6 , Constantinos Mourelatos  7 , Christina Mouratidou  2 , Ioannis Alevroudis  2 , Alexandra Marneri  2 , Athanasia Pataka  1
Affiliations
Review

The Interactions between Smoking and Sleep

Ioanna Grigoriou et al. Biomedicines. .

Abstract

Smoking a cigarette before bed or first thing in the morning is a common habit. In this review, the relationship between smoking and sleep is investigated based on the existing literature. Out of 6504 unique items that were identified via a PubMed search related to smoking and sleep, 151 were included in this review. Tobacco smoking disrupts sleep architecture by reducing slow wave and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and undermining sleep quality. Furthermore, smoking affects sleep-related co-morbidities, such as obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS), insomnia, parasomnias, arousals, bruxism, and restless legs, as well as non-sleep-related conditions such as cardiovascular, metabolic, respiratory, neurologic, psychiatric, inflammatory, gynecologic and pediatric issues, while poor sleep quality also seems to worsen the chances of successful smoking cessation. In conclusion, the existing literature suggests that there is a wicked relation between smoking and sleep.

Keywords: sleep; sleep disorders; smoking; tobacco.

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Conflict of interest statement

All authors disclose that they do not have any financial or other relationships, which might lead to a conflict of interest regarding this paper.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram of study selection progress. Some of the studies included, were used in the answers of more than one question of the present review.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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