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Review
. 2024 Aug 6;13(16):4600.
doi: 10.3390/jcm13164600.

Clinical Updates in Coronary Artery Disease: A Comprehensive Review

Andrea Bottardi  1 , Guy F A Prado  1   2 , Mattia Lunardi  1   3 , Simone Fezzi  1 , Gabriele Pesarini  1 , Domenico Tavella  1 , Roberto Scarsini  1 , Flavio Ribichini  1
Affiliations
Review

Clinical Updates in Coronary Artery Disease: A Comprehensive Review

Andrea Bottardi et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

Despite significant goals achieved in diagnosis and treatment in recent decades, coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a high mortality entity and continues to pose substantial challenges to healthcare systems globally. After the latest guidelines, novel data have emerged and have not been yet considered for routine practice. The scope of this review is to go beyond the guidelines, providing insights into the most recent clinical updates in CAD, focusing on non-invasive diagnostic techniques, risk stratification, medical management and interventional therapies in the acute and stable scenarios. Highlighting and synthesizing the latest developments in these areas, this review aims to contribute to the understanding and management of CAD helping healthcare providers worldwide.

Keywords: coronary artery bypass graft; coronary artery disease; coronary computed tomography angiography; dual antiplatelet therapy; fraction flow reserve; percutaneous coronary intervention.

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Conflict of interest statement

R.S. received a speaker’s fee and research support from Abbott Medis Menarini. F.R. received research grants from Philips and Abbott.

Figures

Figure 2
Figure 2
Summary of the revascularization modalities for patients presenting with MI. Abbreviations: NSTEMI, non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction; STEMI, ST segment elevation myocardial infarction; PPCI, primary percutaneous coronary intervention; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; MVD, multivessel disease; FFR, fractional flow reserve. * referred to COMPLETE trial. ** referred to SMILE trial.
Figure 1
Figure 1
Appropriate test selection based on patient’s risk. Abbreviations: CCTA, coronary computed tomography angiography; CACS, coronary artery calcium score; CT-FFR, computed tomography-fractional flow reserve; CT-MPI, computed tomography-myocardial perfusion imaging; SPECT, single-photon emission computed tomography; PET, positron emission tomography; CMR, cardiac magnetic resonance; ICA, invasive coronary angiography; PTP, pre-test probability; CAD, coronary artery disease.
Figure 3
Figure 3
DAPT strategy in ACS patients to balance ischemic and bleeding risk [46]. Abbreviation: DAPT, dual antiplatelet therapy.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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