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Review
. 2024 Aug 22;12(16):1679.
doi: 10.3390/healthcare12161679.

Healing the Whole: An International Review of the Collaborative Care Model between Primary Care and Psychiatry

Veronica Hernandez  1 , Lucy Nasser  1 , Candice Do  1 , Wei-Chen Lee  2
Affiliations
Review

Healing the Whole: An International Review of the Collaborative Care Model between Primary Care and Psychiatry

Veronica Hernandez et al. Healthcare (Basel). .

Abstract

The collaborative care model (CCM) was created to improve the delivery of mental health care and is reported to improve access, enhance treatment outcomes, and reduce healthcare costs. To understand the impacts of the CCM on symptom management, diverse populations, and sustainability in healthcare systems, a systematic review was conducted. Several databases were searched for articles assessing the CCM. The inclusion criteria limited the studies to those (1) published between January 2008 and January 2024; (2) written in the English language; (3) analyzing adult patients; (4) analyzing symptom improvement in major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, or post-traumatic stress disorder; and (5) fitting the given definition of a CCM. We identified 9743 articles. Due to missing information or duplication, 4702 were excluded. The remaining articles were screened, yielding 468 articles for full-text analysis, of which 16 articles met the inclusion criteria. Of these articles, five primarily focused on individual patient outcomes, five focused on specific populations, and six reviewed system impacts; eleven articles studied US populations and five studied international populations. An analysis revealed that in 12 of the final articles, the CCM led to a statistically significant improvement in anxiety and depression symptoms with viable implementation and sustainability strategies. The CCM is an effective method for improving patient symptoms and can be potentially affordable in healthcare systems.

Keywords: PTSD; anxiety; collaborative care model; cost-effective; depression; sustainable.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Visualization of the collaborative care model.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Systematic review flow diagram.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Number of articles included for screening after removal of duplicates and incomplete citations, by year.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Articles included in final analysis, by year and category.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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