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. 2024 Aug 2;12(8):1576.
doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12081576.

Evaluation of Resistance Induction Promoted by Bioactive Compounds of Pseudomonas aeruginosa LV Strain against Asian Soybean Rust

André Riedi Barazetti  1 , Mickely Liuti Dealis  1 , Kawany Roque Basso  1 , Maria Clara Davis Silva  1 , Leonardo da Cruz Alves  1 , Maria Eugênia Alcântara Parra  1 , Ane Stéfano Simionato  1 , Martha Viviana Torres Cely  2 , Arthur Ladeira Macedo  3 , Denise Brentan Silva  3 , Galdino Andrade  1
Affiliations

Evaluation of Resistance Induction Promoted by Bioactive Compounds of Pseudomonas aeruginosa LV Strain against Asian Soybean Rust

André Riedi Barazetti et al. Microorganisms. .

Abstract

Pseudomonas are known as higher producers of secondary metabolites with antimicrobial properties and plant growth promoters, including resistance induction. These mechanisms should be an alternative to pesticide use in crop production. Phakopsora pachyrhizi causes Asian soybean rust, representing a high loss of yield around the world. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the application of secondary metabolites produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa LV strain from the semi-purified fraction F4A in soybean plants to induce plant resistance against P. pachyrhizi in field conditions. The experimental design was performed in randomized blocks with three replicates using two F4A doses (1 and 10 μg mL-1) combined or not with fungicides (Unizeb Gold® or Sphere Max®). The control treatment, with Uni + Sph, saponins, flavonoids, and sphingolipids, showed higher intensities in the plants. In contrast, plants treated with the F4A fraction mainly exhibited fatty acid derivatives and some non-identified compounds with nitrogen. Plants treated with Sphere Max®, with or without F4A10, showed higher intensities of glycosylated flavonoids, such as kaempferol, luteolin, narigenin, and apigenin. Plants treated with F4A showed higher intensities of genistein and fatty acid derivatives. These increases in flavonoid compound biosynthesis and antioxidant properties probably contribute to the protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Keywords: Phakopsora pachyrhizi; antimicrobial; flavonoid; metabolomic; phenazine.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Principal component analysis (PCA) score plot from soybean leaf samples infected with Phakopsora pachyrhizi under different treatments. Group 1, represented by red triangles, was formed by Uni + Sph, F4A1 + Sph, F4A10 + Sph, and F4A10. Group 2, represented by green plus symbols, was formed by F4A1, F4A1 + Uni and F4A10 + Uni.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Heatmap and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) of the soybean leaf samples infected with Phakopsora pachyrhizi under different treatments. Treatments are control (C), F4A1, FAA1 + Sph, F4A1 + Uni, F4A10, F4A10 + Sph, and F4A10 + Uni. The clusters A–D were highlighted in the HCA.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Heatmap of the soybean leaf samples infected with Phakopsora pachyrhizi from control (red) and the fraction F4A1 (green) treatments.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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