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. 2024 Aug 17;16(16):2749.
doi: 10.3390/nu16162749.

Compliance with a Healthful Plant-Based Diet Is Associated with Kidney Function in Patients with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease

Sumin Heo  1 , Miyeun Han  2 , Hyunjin Ryu  3 , Eunjeong Kang  3 , Minsang Kim  3 , Curie Ahn  2 , Soo Jin Yang  1 , Kook-Hwan Oh  3
Affiliations

Compliance with a Healthful Plant-Based Diet Is Associated with Kidney Function in Patients with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease

Sumin Heo et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a genetic kidney disorder with multiple cyst formation that progresses to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease. Plant-based diets have attracted considerable attention because they may prevent CKD development. This study investigated whether adherence to a plant-based diet is associated with kidney function in patients with ADPKD. The overall plant-based diet index (PDI), healthful PDI (hPDI), and unhealthful PDI (uPDI) were calculated using dietary intake data. Among 106 ADPKD patients, 37 (34.91%) were classified as having advanced CKD (eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2). The overall PDI and hPDI were lower, but the uPDI was higher in patients with advanced CKD than in those with early CKD. The hPDI was negatively correlated with the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio. Moreover, the hPDI was inversely associated with advanced CKD [odds ratio (OR): 0.117 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.039-0.351), p < 0.001], and the uPDI was positively associated with advanced CKD [OR: 8.450 (95% CI: 2.810-25.409), p < 0.001]. The findings of the current study demonstrate that greater adherence to a healthful plant-based diet is associated with improved kidney function in ADPKD patients.

Keywords: autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease; neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; plant protein; plant-based diet; platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The flow diagram for study participants. ADPKD, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Three types of plant-based diet indices (PDIs) by the levels of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Data are demonstrated as means ± standard deviations. Student’s t-test was applied for variables with a normal distribution. However, if normality was not satisfied, the Mann–Whitney U test was used. * p < 0.05. CKD, chronic kidney disease; hPDI, healthful plant-based diet index; uPDI, unhealthful plant-based diet index.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Associations of dietary fiber and protein intakes with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for advanced CKD adjusted for age, sex, and energy intake by logistics regression analysis. Statistical significance was considered as p < 0.05.
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