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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2024 Aug 27:79:100474.
doi: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2024.100474. eCollection 2024.

Effect of vitamin D3 on antiphospholipid antibodies in hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID-19

Lucas P Sales  1 , Lucas V B Souza  1 , Alan L Fernandes  1 , Igor H Murai  1 , Mayara D Santos  1 , Margarete B G Vendramini  1 , Ricardo M Oliveira  2 , Camille P Figueiredo  1 , Valéria F Caparbo  1 , Bruno Gualano  3 , Rosa M R Pereira  1 ; in memoriam
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Effect of vitamin D3 on antiphospholipid antibodies in hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID-19

Lucas P Sales et al. Clinics (Sao Paulo). .

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the effect of a single oral dose of 200,000 IU of vitamin D3 on antiphospholipid antibodies in hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID-19.

Methods: This is a post-hoc, exploratory analysis from a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial performed in two centers in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were randomly assigned to receive either vitamin D3 (n = 97) or placebo (n = 97). In this post-hoc analysis, the endpoints were titers and frequency of anti-β2-Glycoprotein-I (aβ2-GP) and Anticardiolipin (aCL) antibodies [Immunoglobulin G, M and A (IgG, IgM and IgA)].

Results: Overall mean (SD) age was 55.3 (13.9) years, Body Mass Index (BMI) was 32.2 (7.1 kg/m2), and 106 participants (54.6 %) were male. There was a significant group by time interaction (p = 0.046) for frequency of aCL IgG, with increased values from baseline to discharge in the placebo group [n (%), from 13 (13.4) to 25 (25.8)] compared to the vitamin D3 [from 25 (25.8) to 29 (29.9)]. However, the frequency of aCL IgG did not change between the groups on discharge. No significant differences between vitamin D3 and placebo groups were found for any other autoantibodies.

Conclusion: These findings do not support the use of a single oral dose of 200,000 IU of vitamin D3 to modulate autoantibodies in hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID-19.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04449718.

Keywords: Antiphospholipid Antibodies; Antiphospholipid Antibodies Syndrome; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 Infection; Vitamin D.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig. 1
Trial CONSORT diagram.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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