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. 2024 Aug 16;133(7):071902.
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.071902.

Final COMPASS Results on the Transverse-Spin-Dependent Azimuthal Asymmetries in the Pion-Induced Drell-Yan Process

G D Alexeev  1 M G Alexeev  2   3 C Alice  2   3 A Amoroso  2   3 V Andrieux  4 V Anosov  1 K Augsten  5 W Augustyniak  6 C D R Azevedo  7 B Badelek  8 J Barth  9 R Beck  9 J Beckers  10 Y Bedfer  11 J Bernhard  12 M Bodlak  13 F Bradamante  14 A Bressan  14   15 W-C Chang  16 C Chatterjee  14 M Chiosso  2   3 A G Chumakov  17 S-U Chung  10 A Cicuttin  18   14 P M M Correia  7 M L Crespo  18   14 D D'Ago  14   15 S Dalla Torre  14 S S Dasgupta  19 S Dasgupta  14 F Delcarro  2   3 I Denisenko  1 O Yu Denisov  2 S V Donskov  17 N Doshita  20 Ch Dreisbach  10 W Dünnweber  21 R R Dusaev  17 D Ecker  10 D Eremeev  17 P Faccioli  22 M Faessler  21 M Finger  13 M Finger  13 H Fischer  23 K J Flöthner  9 W Florian  18   14 J M Friedrich  10 V Frolov  1   12 L G Garcia Ordòñez  18   14 F Gautheron  24   4 O P Gavrichtchouk  1 S Gerassimov  10   17 J Giarra  25 D Giordano  2   3 A Grasso  2   3 A Gridin  1 M Grosse Perdekamp  4 B Grube  10 M Grüner  9 A Guskov  1 P Haas  10 D von Harrach  25 R Heitz  4 M Hoffmann  9 N d'Hose  11 C-Y Hsieh  16 S Huber  10 S Ishimoto  20 A Ivanov  1 T Iwata  20 V Jary  5 R Joosten  9 E Kabuß  25 F Kaspar  10 A Kerbizi  14   15 B Ketzer  9 A Khatun  11 G V Khaustov  17 F Klein  26 J H Koivuniemi  24   4 V N Kolosov  17 K Kondo Horikawa  20 I Konorov  10   17 V F Konstantinov  17 A Yu Korzenev  1 A M Kotzinian  27   2 O M Kouznetsov  1 A Koval  6 Z Kral  13 F Krinner  10 F Kunne  11 K Kurek  6 R P Kurjata  28 A Kveton  13 K Lavickova  5 S Levorato  14   12 Y-S Lian  16 J Lichtenstadt  29 P-J Lin  30 R Longo  4 V E Lyubovitskij  17 A Maggiora  2 A Magnon  19 N Makke  14 G K Mallot  23   12 A Maltsev  1 A Martin  14   15 J Marzec  28 J Matoušek  13 T Matsuda  31 G Mattson  4 C Menezes Pires  22 F Metzger  9 M Meyer  11   4 W Meyer  24 Yu V Mikhailov  17 M Mikhasenko  21 E Mitrofanov  1 D Miura  20 Y Miyachi  20 R Molina  18   14 A Moretti  14   15 A Nagaytsev  1 D Neyret  11 M Niemiec  8 J Nový  5 W-D Nowak  25 G Nukazuka  20 A G Olshevsky  1 M Ostrick  25 D Panzieri  2 B Parsamyan  27   2   12 S Paul  10 H Pekeler  9 J-C Peng  4 M Pešek  13 D V Peshekhonov  1 M Pešková  13 S Platchkov  11 J Pochodzalla  25 V A Polyakov  17 M Quaresma  22 C Quintans  22 G Reicherz  24 C Riedl  4 D I Ryabchikov  10   17 A Rychter  28 A Rymbekova  1 V D Samoylenko  17 A Sandacz  6 S Sarkar  19 T Savada  16 I A Savin  1 G Sbrizzai  14 H Schmieden  26 A Selyunin  1 K Sharko  17 L Sinha  19 D Spülbeck  9 A Srnka  32 M Stolarski  22 M Sulc  33 H Suzuki  20 S Tessaro  14 F Tessarotto  14 A Thiel  9 F Tosello  2 A Townsend  4 T Triloki  14 V Tskhay  17 B Valinoti  18   14 B M Veit  25 J F C A Veloso  7 B Ventura  11 A Vijayakumar  4 M Virius  5 M Wagner  9 S Wallner  10 K Zaremba  28 M Zavertyaev  17 M Zemko  5   13 E Zemlyanichkina  1 M Ziembicki  28 COMPASS Collaboration
Affiliations

Final COMPASS Results on the Transverse-Spin-Dependent Azimuthal Asymmetries in the Pion-Induced Drell-Yan Process

G D Alexeev et al. Phys Rev Lett. .

Abstract

The COMPASS Collaboration performed measurements of the Drell-Yan process in 2015 and 2018 using a 190 GeV/c π^{-} beam impinging on a transversely polarized ammonia target. Combining the data of both years, we present final results on the amplitudes of five azimuthal modulations, which correspond to transverse-spin-dependent azimuthal asymmetries (TSAs) in the dimuon production cross section. Three of them probe the nucleon leading-twist Sivers, transversity, and pretzelosity transverse-momentum dependent (TMD) parton distribution functions (PDFs). The other two are induced by subleading effects. These TSAs provide unique new inputs for the study of the nucleon TMD PDFs and their universality properties. In particular, the Sivers TSA observed in this measurement is consistent with the fundamental QCD prediction of a sign change of naive time-reversal-odd TMD PDFs when comparing the Drell-Yan process with deep inelastic scattering. Also, within the context of model predictions, the observed transversity TSA is consistent with the expectation of a sign change for the Boer-Mulders function.

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