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. 2024 Aug 28:17:3755-3764.
doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S452034. eCollection 2024.

Gender-Dependent Association of Pulmonary Hypertension with Adverse Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement

Changjin Wang #  1 , Bangyuan Yang #  1 , Songyuan Luo  1 , Shengneng Zheng  2 , Yinghao Sun  1 , Jiaohua Chen  1 , Ruixin Fan  3 , Jianfang Luo #  1 , Jie Li #  1
Affiliations

Gender-Dependent Association of Pulmonary Hypertension with Adverse Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement

Changjin Wang et al. Int J Gen Med. .

Abstract

Background: The relationship between pulmonary hypertension (PH) and outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has been shown to be unfavorable. The impact of gender on TAVR outcomes remains controversial. There have been no studies evaluating the simultaneous effects of both factors on TAVR outcomes.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a prospective cohort of patients who underwent TAVR between January 2016 and December 2022. The patients were stratified by gender and the presence of PH. The primary outcome of the study was all-cause mortality. Secondary outcome was a composite of all-cause mortality and heart failure hospitalization.

Results: We identified a total of 133 female patients without PH, 179 males without PH, 87 females with PH, and 122 males with PH. The median follow-up period was 18 months. Female patients without PH demonstrated a lower cumulative mortality rate compared to those with male gender and/or PH. Adjusted multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses revealed that male gender and PH status, either individually or in combination, were independently associated with long-term mortality when compared to female patients without PH. Specifically, females with PH (HR 6.80, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.49-31.12, P=0.013), males without PH (HR 6.45, 95% CI: 1.47-28.22, P=0.013), and males with PH (HR 7.2, 95% CI: 1.63-31.81, P=0.009) demonstrated significantly higher risk for mortality.

Conclusion: Patients who were male or had PH status had a higher risk of mortality. However, there was no synergistic effect between being male and having PH on the prognosis after TAVR.

Keywords: gender; outcome; pulmonary hypertension; transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Pulmonary hypertension reversible at discharge in all patients (a) and patients with pulmonary hypertension (b).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Follow-up clinical outcomes compared between patients with and without pulmonary hypertension in female (a-c) and male (d-f). All-cause mortality (a and d), cardiovascular mortality (b and e) and composited endpoints of mortality and heart failure (c and f).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Follow-up clinical outcomes compared among patients divided by pulmonary hypertension and genders. All-cause mortality (a), cardiovascular mortality (b) and composited endpoints of mortality and heart failure (c).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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