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Observational Study
. 2024 Sep 2;24(1):305.
doi: 10.1186/s12871-024-02697-1.

The effectiveness and outcomes of epidural analgesia in patients undergoing open liver resection: a propensity score matching analysis

Isarapong Pianngarn #  1 , Worakitti Lapisatepun #  2   3 , Maytinee Kulpanun  1 , Anon Chotirosniramit  2   3 , Sunhawit Junrungsee  2   3 , Warangkana Lapisatepun  4
Affiliations
Observational Study

The effectiveness and outcomes of epidural analgesia in patients undergoing open liver resection: a propensity score matching analysis

Isarapong Pianngarn et al. BMC Anesthesiol. .

Abstract

Background: Open liver resection necessitates a substantial upper abdominal inverted-L incision, resulting in severe pain and compromising patient recovery. Despite the efficacy of epidural analgesia in providing adequate postoperative analgesia, the potential epidural-related adverse effects should be carefully considered. This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of continuous epidural analgesia and intravenous analgesia in open liver resection.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted, collecting data from patients who underwent open liver resection between 2007 and 2017. Propensity score matching was implemented to mitigate confounding variables, with patients being matched in a 1:1 ratio based on propensity scores. The primary outcome was the comparison of postoperative morphine consumption at 24, 48, and 72 hours between the two groups. Secondary outcomes included pain scores, postoperative outcomes, and epidural-related adverse effects.

Results: A total of 612 patients were included, and after matching, there were 204 patients in each group. Opioid consumption at 24, 48, and 72 hours postoperatively was statistically lower in the epidural analgesia group compared to the intravenous analgesia group (p < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in pain scores (p = 0.422). Additionally, perioperative hypotension requiring treatment, as well as nausea and vomiting, were significantly higher in the epidural analgesia group compared to the intravenous analgesia group (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: Epidural analgesia is superior to intravenous morphine in terms of reducing postoperative opioid consumption within the initial 72 h after open liver resection. Nevertheless, perioperative hypotension, which necessitates management, should be approached with consideration and vigilance.

Trial registration: The study was registered in the Clinical Trials Registry at www.

Clinicaltrials: gov/ , NCT number: NCT06301932.

Keywords: Effectiveness and safety; Epidural analgesia; Open liver resection; Opioid consumption; Propensity score matching.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flowchart of 612 patients undergoing open liver resection
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Distribution of propensity scores before matching (A) and after matching (B)
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Absolute standardized difference before and after propensity score matching for baseline covariates comparing between epidural group and intravenous morphine group
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Postoperative numerical rating scale in patients undergoing open liver resection
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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