"It saved me": A thematic analysis of experiences of psychological therapy following critical illness and intensive care

Abstract

Background: ICU-survivors are likely to struggle with psychological wellbeing. Providing post-ICU therapeutic interventions is a relatively novel field and little is known about patients' experiences.

Methods: Thematic analysis was used to analyze semi-structured interviews with 20 ICU-survivors who had accessed psychological therapy following discharge from an ICU in the Southwest of Britain. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize data to provide service related contextual information.

Results: Five themes emerged from the data: the impact of critical illness, value of therapy, accessing therapy, process of therapy and role of psychologist. Psychological therapy is viewed as an important part of recovery. Critical illness is a complex experience. Therapy supported sense-making, acceptance and moving forwards. Although therapy could be initially difficult, there were lasting positive effects. There were different challenges to and facilitators of accessing therapy and offering ongoing support provided reassurance. A safe therapeutic relationship and an ICU-specific service was important.

Conclusion: Psychological therapy, alongside other rehabilitation interventions, can facilitate recovery. Considerations for local and wider service development are discussed.

Keywords: Critical care; critical illness; lived experience; post-intensive care syndrome; psychological intervention.

Figure 1.

Semi structured interview schedule.