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Review
. 2024 Nov 7;64(5):2400396.
doi: 10.1183/13993003.00396-2024. Print 2024 Nov.

Clinical review of non-invasive ventilation

Gerard J Criner  1 , Shameek Gayen  2 , Massa Zantah  2 , Eduardo Dominguez Castillo  2 , Mario Naranjo  2 , Bilal Lashari  2 , Seyedmohammad Pourshahid  2 , Andrew Gangemi  2
Affiliations
Review

Clinical review of non-invasive ventilation

Gerard J Criner et al. Eur Respir J. .

Abstract

Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is the mainstay to treat patients who need augmentation of ventilation for acute and chronic forms of respiratory failure. The last several decades have witnessed an extension of the indications for NIV to a variety of acute and chronic lung diseases. Evolving advancements in technology and personalised approaches to patient care make it feasible to prioritise patient-centred care models that deliver home-based management using telemonitoring and telemedicine systems support. These trends may improve patient outcomes, reduce healthcare costs and improve the quality of life for patients who suffer from chronic diseases that precipitate respiratory failure.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest: G.J. Criner grants from Fisher & Paykel, and payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, manuscript writing or educational events from Fisher & Paykel. A. Gangemi reports grants from Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) and University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Defense Congressionally Directed Medical Research Program (CDMRP) and National Institutes of Health, and support for attending meetings from Temple Lung Center. The remaining authors have nothing to disclose.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Physiological benefits of non-invasive ventilation (NIV). There are numerous physiological benefits of NIV, as detailed here. In addition to pulmonary effects, NIV causes physiological and clinical improvements in the cardiovascular and neurological systems. CPAP: continuous positive airway pressure; FRC: functional residual capacity; IMV: invasive mechanical ventilation; LV: left ventricular; PEEP: positive end-expiratory pressure; V/Q: ventilation/perfusion.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Types of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) interfaces. a) NIV helmet interface (Harol). b) Average volume-assured pressure support (AVAPS) mode (V60; Philips Respironics). c) Nasal high flow (Optiflow; Fisher & Paykel Healthcare). d) Non-invasive open ventilation system (NIOV) (Breath Technologies).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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