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. 2024 Aug;13(8):3325-3331.
doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_51_24. Epub 2024 Jul 26.

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its risk factors among newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients - A hospital-based cross-sectional study

S Teja Rama Krishna  1 , Yogesh Bahurupi  1 , Ravi Kant  2 , Pradeep Aggarwal  1 , Athulya V Ajith  1
Affiliations

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its risk factors among newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients - A hospital-based cross-sectional study

S Teja Rama Krishna et al. J Family Med Prim Care. 2024 Aug.

Abstract

Context: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) raises the chance of cerebrovascular accidents and cardiovascular illness in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) individuals. Early identification of MetS allows for suitable prophylactic and treatment strategies to reduce the risks.

Aim: To estimate the prevalence of MetS and its risk factors in T2DM individuals.

Settings and design: This cross-sectional study investigated MetS and its component's prevalence among newly diagnosed T2DM at the tertiary care hospital.

Methods and material: The study was conducted from January 2022 to December 2022 and included 300 participants above 18 years, with most being men (55%, 165), and using the World Health Organization (WHO) STEPS questionnaire for assessing selected risk factors. Along with blood glucose, different components of MetS were assessed, that is serum triglyceride (TG) level, serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level, blood pressure (BP) and waist circumference (WC), as per the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) criteria.

Statistical analysis used: Data analysis includes mean and standard deviation (SD) for numerical variables with an unpaired t-test to compare means and percentage and proportions for categorical variables with the Chi-square test for the associations. Multivariate logistic regression was used for assessing the predictors of MetS.

Results: The prevalence of components of MetS, that is obesity, hypertension (HTN), TG and HDL components, was 64.0% (192), 45.7% (137), 46.0% (138) and 30% (90), respectively. Overall, MetS was 57% (170). Moderate activity of 150 min/week, sitting/reclining, WC, diastolic BP, TG and HDL had a significant association with MetS.

Conclusions: MetS was highly associated with newly diagnosed T2DM with obesity being the most common component.

Keywords: Blood pressure; National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III; hypertension; metabolic syndrome; triglycerides; type 2 diabetes mellitus; waist circumference.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components among participants. Legends: blue – male participants, orange – female participants, grey – total participants
Figure 2
Figure 2
Distribution of the study participants according to the number of criteria fulfilled for metabolic syndrome
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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