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Review
. 2024 Dec:204:104485.
doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104485. Epub 2024 Sep 2.

The emerging role of Artificial Intelligence in proton therapy: A review

Lars Johannes Isaksson  1 , Federico Mastroleo  1 , Maria Giulia Vincini  2 , Giulia Marvaso  3 , Mattia Zaffaroni  4 , Michał Gola  5 , Giovanni Carlo Mazzola  4 , Luca Bergamaschi  4 , Simona Gaito  6 , Filippo Alongi  7 , Jerome Doyen  8 , Piero Fossati  9 , Karin Haustermans  10 , Morten Høyer  11 , Johannes Albertus Langendijk  12 , Raùl Matute  13 , Ester Orlandi  14 , Marco Schwarz  15 , Esther G C Troost  16 , Vladimir Vondracek  17 , Davide La Torre  18 , Giuseppe Curigliano  19 , Giuseppe Petralia  20 , Roberto Orecchia  21 , Daniela Alterio  4 , Barbara Alicja Jereczek-Fossa  1
Affiliations
Review

The emerging role of Artificial Intelligence in proton therapy: A review

Lars Johannes Isaksson et al. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2024 Dec.

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) has made a tremendous impact in the space of healthcare, and proton therapy is not an exception. Proton therapy has witnessed growing popularity in oncology over recent decades, and researchers are increasingly looking to develop AI and machine learning tools to aid in various steps of the treatment planning and delivery processes. This review delves into the emergent role of AI in proton therapy, evaluating its development, advantages, intended clinical contexts, and areas of application. Through the analysis of 76 studies, we aim to underscore the importance of AI applications in advancing proton therapy and to highlight their prospective influence on clinical practices.

Keywords: Artificial intelligence; Proton therapy; Review.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Competing Interest BAJF received speaker fees from Roche, Bayer, Janssen, Ipsen, Accuray, Astellas, Elekta, IBA and Astra Zeneca (all outside the current project). EGCT is member of the scientific advisory board of IBA and received speaker fees from Elekta (all outside the current manuscript). M.G.V received a research fellowship from the Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (AIRC) entitled “Radioablation ± hormonotherapy for prostate cancer oligorecurrences (RADIOSA trial): potential of imaging and biology” registered at Clinical Trials.gov NCT03940235, approved by the Ethics Committee of IEO and Centro Cardiologico Monzino (IEO-997). GC reports speakers fee and advisory board from Roche, Novartis, Lilly, Pfizer, Astra Zeneca, Daichii Sankyo, Ellipsis, Veracyte, Exact Science, Celcuity, Merck, BMS, Gilead, Sanofi, Menarini. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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