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Review
. 2024 Nov 11;73(12):2074-2082.
doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2024-332705.

Where are we with gastric cancer screening in Europe in 2024?

Mārcis Leja  1   2   3
Affiliations
Review

Where are we with gastric cancer screening in Europe in 2024?

Mārcis Leja. Gut. .

Abstract

The absolute number of annual cases of gastric cancer in Europe is rising. The Council of the European Union has recommended implementation of gastric cancer screening for countries or regions with a high gastric cancer incidence and death rates. However, as of 2024 no organised gastric cancer screening programme has been launched in Europe.There are several ways to decrease gastric cancer burden, but the screen and treat strategy for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) seems to be the most appropriate for Europe. It has to be noted that increased use of antibiotics would be associated with this strategy.Only organised population-based cancer screening is recommended in the European Union, therefore gastric cancer screening also is expected to fulfil the criteria of an organised screening programme. In this respect, several aspects of screening organisation need to be considered before full implementation of gastric cancer prevention in Europe; the age range of the target group, test types, H. pylori eradication regimens and surveillance strategies are among them. Currently, ongoing projects (GISTAR, EUROHELICAN, TOGAS and EUCanScreen) are expected to provide the missing evidence. Feedback from the decision-makers and the potential target groups, including vulnerable populations, will be important to planning the programme.This paper provides an overview of the recent decisions of the European authorities, the progress towards gastric cancer implementation in Europe and expected challenges. Finally, a potential algorithm for gastric cancer screening in Europe is proposed.

Keywords: GASTRIC CANCER; HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION; SCREENING.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Potential approaches to screening for decreasing the burden of gastric cancer
Figure 2
Figure 2. Proposed algorithm for gastric cancer screening in Europe. FIT, faecal immunochemical testing; MAPS, management of epithelial precancerous conditions and lesions in the stomach; SAT, stool antigen test; UBT, 13C-urea breath test.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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