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Comparative Study
. 2024 Dec;34(8):3917-3929.
doi: 10.1007/s00590-024-04077-4. Epub 2024 Sep 5.

Robotic arm-assisted versus conventional total knee arthroplasty: comparing complications, costs, and postoperative opioid use in propensity-matched cohorts

Johnston Norton  1 , Senthil Sambandam  2 , Varatharaj Mounasamy  1   2 , Robert C Weinschenk  3   4
Affiliations
Comparative Study

Robotic arm-assisted versus conventional total knee arthroplasty: comparing complications, costs, and postoperative opioid use in propensity-matched cohorts

Johnston Norton et al. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2024 Dec.

Abstract

Purpose: Limited literature exists substantiating benefits of robotic arm-assisted total knee arthroplasty (raTKA) over conventional total knee arthroplasty (cTKA). This study compared postoperative pain, complications, and costs between patients undergoing raTKA and cTKA using large, propensity score-matched cohorts. We hypothesize that the raTKA cohort will be associated with lower pain, lower anemia, and similar cost and other complications.

Methods: A commercially available patient database was used for this study. Patients with raTKA and cTKA were identified with current procedural terminology and international classification of diseases (ICD-9/ICD-10) codes. Exclusions and propensity score matching were applied to mitigate confounding bias. Complication rates, costs, and postoperative opioid uses were then compared between groups.

Results: Compared with patients with cTKAs (n = 31,105), patients with raTKAs (n = 6,221) had less postoperative opioid use (p < 0.01), lower rates of postoperative acute renal failure (OR 0.71; p < 0.01), anemia (OR 0.75; p < 0.01), and periprosthetic joint infection (OR 0.59; p = 0.04), and lower index costs ($875 vs. $1,169, p < 0.01).

Conclusion: RaTKA was associated with less postoperative pain and complications compared with cTKA.

Keywords: Complication; Cost; Pain; Propensity score match; Robotic arm-assisted; Total knee arthroplasty.

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References

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