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Editorial
. 2024 Sep;15(3):447-450.
doi: 10.1007/s13193-024-02067-w. Epub 2024 Aug 24.

Epigenetic Cancer Therapy

Nabanita Das  1 , Tapas K Kundu  1
Affiliations
Editorial

Epigenetic Cancer Therapy

Nabanita Das et al. Indian J Surg Oncol. 2024 Sep.
No abstract available

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of InterestThe authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The dynamic modification of genome (epigenome): Eukaryotic cells have a well-defined beads on string genome organisation. The primary chromatin condensed to chromosome in metaphase. The chromatin is present in two forms: heterochromatin (closed) and euchromatin (open). The basic unit of the chromatin is the nucleosome composed of histone octamer and DNA wrapped around it. The histone tails and DNA (CpG island) undergo reversible epigenetic modifications like Acetylation, methylation etc. via several Writers, Readers and Erasers
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The histone octamers are composed of four pairs of histone proteins namely H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 which have globular structures and protruding N-terminal tail. To maintain the epigenomic landscape these histone tails and the DNA undergo several modifications. Out of several other modifications, acetylation and methylation are the most common. The Lysine residues undergoes both acetylation and methylation. Methylation occurs both at lysine and arginine. Additionally, DNA also undergoes methylation. The 5th position of the cytosine base undergoes this chemical change at CpG islands. This figure shows the schematic representation of writers, erases and readers of histone acetylation and methylation along with DNA methylation. HDAC: Histone deacetylase; KDM: Lysine demethylase; HAT: Histone acetylase; TET: Ten-eleven translocation family protein; SIRT: Sirtuin
None
This schematic diagram represents the lists of current drugs targeting the various epigenetic machinery. KDACs are reported to be overexpressed in many tumors. KDACi like vorinostat (SAHA), romidepsis, belinostat, Panobinostat, and entinostat have been approved by FDA for treating certain cancers. DNA methyltransferases also serve promising targets. Vidaza, decitabine, procanbid, and procainamide are FDA-approved drugs for the treatment of cancer. Many other inhibitors for KDADs, Sirtuins, KATs, KMTs, and KDMs are under clinical investigation
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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