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. 2024 Aug 14;10(16):e36334.
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36334. eCollection 2024 Aug 30.

Influence of irradiated dentin, biofilm and different artificial saliva formulations on root dentin demineralization

Beatriz Martines de Souza  1 , Aline Silva Braga  1 , Mariele Vertuan  1 , Susan Sassaki  1 , Tamara Teodoro Araújo  1 , Paulo Sergio da Silva Santos  2 , Marilia Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf  1 , Ana Carolina Magalhães  1
Affiliations

Influence of irradiated dentin, biofilm and different artificial saliva formulations on root dentin demineralization

Beatriz Martines de Souza et al. Heliyon. .

Abstract

The aim of this study was evaluated the influence of radiation as well as of new formulations of artificial saliva on the development of root dentin lesions. Bovine root samples were divided into: irradiated (70 Gy) dentin or not; the type of biofilm (from irradiated patient-experimental or non-irradiated patient-control) and the type of artificial saliva (for the condition irradiated dentin/biofilm from irradiated patient): Control Artificial Saliva (inorganic); Control Saliva + 1 mg/ml hemoglobin; Control Saliva +0.1 mg/ml cystatin; Control Saliva + hemoglobin + cystatin; Bioextra (positive control) and deionized water (DiW, negative control) (n = 12/group). Biofilm was produced using human biofilm and McBain saliva (0.2 % of sucrose, 37o C and 5 % CO2); the treatments were done 1x/day, for 5 days. Colony-forming units (CFU) counting was performed; demineralization was quantified by transversal microradiography. Two-way ANOVA/Bonferroni or Sidak test for the comparison between biofilm x dentin and ANOVA/Tukey or Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn for comparing artificial saliva were done (p < 0.05). The type of biofilm had no influence on CFU and demineralization. Sound dentin under control biofilm presented the lowest Lactobacillus ssp. and Streptococcus mutans CFU and the lowest mean mineral loss (R) (25.6 ± 2.2; 23.7 ± 2.9 %) compared to irradiated dentin (26.1 ± 2.8; 28.1 ± 3.3, p < 0.004) for both types of biofilms (experimental and control, respectively). Bioextra was the only artificial saliva that reduced R (10.8 ± 2.5 %) and Lesion Depth (LD) (35 ± 15 μm) compared to DiW (17.3 ± 3.3 %, 81 ± 18 μm, p < 0.0001). Irradiation has impact on caries development; the experimental saliva were unable to reduce its occurrence.

Keywords: Biofilms; Dental caries; Head and neck neoplasms; Radiotherapy.

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Conflict of interest statement

We wish to confirm that there are no known conflicts of interest associated with this publication and there has been no significant financial support for this work that could have influenced its outcome. We confirm that the manuscript has been read and approved by all named authors and that there are no other persons who satisfied the criteria for authorship but are not listed. We further confirm that the order of authors listed in the manuscript has been approved by all of us. We confirm that we have given due consideration to the protection of intellectual property associated with this work and that there are no impediments to publication, including the timing of publication, with respect to intellectual property. In so doing we confirm that we have followed the regulations of our institutions concerning intellectual property. We understand that the Corresponding Author is the sole contact for the Editorial process (including Editorial Manager and direct communications with the office). He/she is responsible for communicating with the other authors about progress, submissions of revisions and final approval of proofs. We confirm that we have provided a current, correct email address, which is accessible by the Corresponding Author.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flowchart of the study.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Representative TMR images of dentin sample from each of the following groups:(1) Irritated dentin and experimental-biofilm; (2) Irritated dentin and Control-biofilm; (3) Sound dentin and experimental-biofilm; (4) Sound dentin and Control-biofilm.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Representative TMR images of irradiated dentin sample with irradiated biofilm from each of the following treatments: (A) Control Artificial Saliva; (B) Control Saliva +1 mg/mL hemoglobin; (C) Control Saliva +0.1 mg/mL sugarcane cystatin; (D) Control Saliva +1 mg/mL hemoglobin +0.1 mg/mL sugarcane cystatin; (E) BioXtra® (positive control); (F) Deionized Water (negative control).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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