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. 2024 Aug 23:11:1439338.
doi: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1439338. eCollection 2024.

Efficacy and safety of Janus kinase inhibitors in non-infectious inflammatory ocular diseases: a prospective cohort study from the international AIDA network registries

Antonio Vitale #  1   2 , Judith Palacios-Olid #  3 , Valeria Caggiano  1   2 , Gaafar Ragab  4   5 , José Hernández-Rodríguez  6 , Laura Pelegrín  6 , Germán Mejía-Salgado  7 , Laura Zarate-Pinzón  7 , Stefano Gentileschi  1   2 , Jurgen Sota  1   2 , Alex Fonollosa  8 , Ester Carreño  9   10 , Carla Gaggiano  1   2 , Rana Hussein Amin  11 , Alberto Balistreri  2   12 , Javier Narváez  3 , Gian Marco Tosi  13 , Bruno Frediani  1   2 , Luca Cantarini  1   2 , Alejandra de-la-Torre  7 , Claudia Fabiani  2   13
Affiliations

Efficacy and safety of Janus kinase inhibitors in non-infectious inflammatory ocular diseases: a prospective cohort study from the international AIDA network registries

Antonio Vitale et al. Front Med (Lausanne). .

Erratum in

Abstract

Introduction: Non-infectious inflammatory ocular diseases pose significant challenges in diagnosis and management, often requiring systemic immunosuppressive therapy. Since Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors may represent a novel therapeutic option for these disorders, the present study aimed to expand current knowledge about their efficacy and safety in patients with these conditions.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included 12 adult patients from the international AutoInflammatory Disease Alliance (AIDA) Network registries dedicated to non-infectious ocular inflammatory conditions. We assessed ocular flares, visual acuity, disease course, and complications before and after initiating JAK inhibitor therapy.

Results: Ocular inflammation was related to a systemic disease in 8 (66.7%) patients as follows: spondyloarthritis (n = 3), peripheral psoriatic arthritis (n = 1), rheumatoid arthritis (n = 1), antinuclear antibodies (ANA) positive juvenile idiopathic arthritis (n = 1), Behçet's syndrome (n = 1), Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome (n = 1). In total, 4 patients received baricitinib, 1 patient received tofacitinib, and 7 patients underwent upadacitinib treatment. The overall average duration of JAK inhibitors treatment was 8.6 ± 5.5 months (ranging from 3 to 20 months). At the last assessment, ocular disease control was complete in 12/12 patients. One patient discontinued baricitinib due to poor compliance after a 12-month relapse-free period. The incidence of ocular flares was 125 episodes/1.000 person-months prior to the initiation of JAK inhibitors and 28.6 episodes/1.000 person-months thereafter. The incidence rate ratio for experiencing a relapse before starting a JAK inhibitor compared to the following period was 4.37 (95% CI 1.3-14.7, p-value: 0.02).

Conclusion: JAK inhibitors demonstrate efficacy and safety in controlling ocular inflammatory relapses, confirming that they represent a valuable treatment option for patients with non-infectious inflammatory ocular diseases resistant to conventional treatments.

Keywords: baricitinib; scleritis; tofacitinib; upadacitinib; uveitis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The authors declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Flow-chart explaining the selection of patients included in this study starting from the total number of patients included in the AutoInflammatory Disease Alliance (AIDA) Network project.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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