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Meta-Analysis
. 2024 Dec 18;58(24):1527-1538.
doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2024-108117.

Associations of occupational and leisure-time physical activity with all-cause mortality: an individual participant data meta-analysis

Pieter Coenen  1 , Maaike A Huysmans  2 , Andreas Holtermann  3   4 , Richard P Troiano  5 , Paul Jarle Mork  6 , Steinar Krokstad  6   7 , Els Clays  8 , Bart Cillekens  2 , Dirk De Bacquer  8 , Mette Aadahl  9 , Line Lund Kårhus  9 , Anette Sjøl  10 , Lars Bo Andersen  11 , Jussi Kauhanen  12 , Ari Voutilainen  12 , Richard M Pulsford  13 , Emmanuel Stamatakis  14   15 , Uri Goldbourt  16 , Annette Peters  17   18   19 , Barbara Thorand  17   19 , Annika Rosengren  20   21 , Lena Björck  20   21 , Kyle Sprow  22 , Kristin Franzon  23 , Miguel Rodriguez-Barranco  24   25   26 , Leila Luján-Barroso  27   28 , Anders Knutsson  29 , Lars Alfredsson  30   31 , Martin Bahls  32   33 , Till Ittermann  32   34 , Alexander Kluttig  35 , Lamiaa Hassan  35 , Miriam Wanner  36   37 , Matthias Bopp  36 , Jacob Louis Marott  38   39 , Peter Schnohr  38 , Børge Grønne Nordestgaard  38   39   40   41 , Knut Eirik Dalene  42   43 , Ulf Ekelund  42   43 , Johan Clausen  44 , Magnus Thorsten Jensen  38   45   46 , Christina Bjørk Petersen  9   47 , Niklas Krause  48 , Jos Twisk  49 , Willem van Mechelen  2 , Allard J van der Beek  2
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Associations of occupational and leisure-time physical activity with all-cause mortality: an individual participant data meta-analysis

Pieter Coenen et al. Br J Sports Med. .

Erratum in

Abstract

Objective: Health effects of different physical activity domains (ie, during leisure time, work and transport) are generally considered positive. Using Active Worker consortium data, we assessed independent associations of occupational and leisure-time physical activity (OPA and LTPA) with all-cause mortality.

Design: Two-stage individual participant data meta-analysis.

Data source: Published and unpublished cohort study data.

Eligibility criteria: Working participants aged 18-65 years.

Methods: After data harmonisation, we assessed associations of OPA and LTPA with all-cause mortality. In stage 1, we analysed data from each study separately using Cox survival regression, and in stage 2, we pooled individual study findings with random-effects modelling.

Results: In 22 studies with up to 590 497 participants from 11 countries, during a mean follow-up of 23.1 (SD: 6.8) years, 99 743 (16%) participants died. Adjusted for LTPA, body mass index, age, smoking and education level, summary (ie, stage 2) hazard ration (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for low, moderate and high OPA among men (n=2 96 134) were 1.01 (0.99 to 1.03), 1.05 (1.01 to 1.10) and 1.12 (1.03 to 1.23), respectively. For women (n=2 94 364), HRs (95% CI) were 0.98 (0.92 to 1.04), 0.96 (0.92 to 1.00) and 0.97 (0.86 to 1.10), respectively. In contrast, higher levels of LTPA were inversely associated with mortality for both genders. For example, for women HR for low, moderate and high compared with sedentary LTPA were 0.85 (0.81 to 0.89), 0.78 (0.74 to 0.81) and 0.75 (0.65 to 0.88), respectively. Effects were attenuated when adjusting for income (although data on income were available from only 9 and 6 studies, for men and women, respectively).

Conclusion: Our findings indicate that OPA may not result in the same beneficial health effects as LTPA.

Keywords: Public health.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Flowchart showing the process of the composition of our individual participant data (IPD) two-stage meta-analysis. *Although the full dataset has data on 632 643 participants, note that the number of participants varies between the various models. Please refer to tables3 4 for the number of participants per model.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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