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. 2024 Sep 10;24(1):2468.
doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19949-x.

Tropical oils consumption and health: a scoping review to inform the development of guidelines in tropical regions

Thomas Hormenu  1   2 , Iddrisu Salifu  3   4 , Juliet Elikem Paku  3   4 , Peace Yaa Kordowu  3 , Adams Abdul-Karim  3 , Thomas Boateng Gyan  3 , Immanuel Asiedu  3 , Osman Abdul-Ganiyu  3 , Mustapha Amoadu  3
Affiliations

Tropical oils consumption and health: a scoping review to inform the development of guidelines in tropical regions

Thomas Hormenu et al. BMC Public Health. .

Abstract

Background: Tropical oils such as palm and coconut oils are renowned for their high saturated fat content and culinary versatility. However, their consumption has sparked debate regarding their health benefits and production concerns. The purpose of this review was to map existing evidence on the health benefits and challenges associated with the consumption of tropical oils.

Method: The recommendations for conducting a scoping review by Arksey and O'Malley were followed. PubMed, Dimensions AI, Central, JSTOR Google, Google Scholar, and ProQuest databases were searched for relevant papers. The predetermined keywords used were Consumption" AND "Tropical oil," as well as "Health benefits" OR "Health challenges" AND "Tropical Countries." Peer-reviewed and grey literature published in English were eligible for this review.

Result: Tropical oils, such as palm and coconut oils, provide health benefits including essential vitamins (A and E) that enhance ocular health, boost immunity, and support growth. They are also recognised for their role in managing high blood sugar, obesity, and cholesterol levels, while offering antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. These oils have wound-healing abilities and are commonly used in infant nutrition and traditional cooking. Nevertheless, prolonged and repeated use of tropical oils to high temperature can degrade vitamin E, whereas excessive intake may result in overdose. Health concerns include oxidative risks, diabetes, cancer, coronary heart disease, high blood pressure, and acrylamide formation due to production challenges excessive consumption. Additional issues include obesity, suboptimal oil production, misconceptions, regulatory obstacles, and preferences for alternative fats.

Conclusion: This review suggest that tropical oils provide essential health benefits, including vitamins and antioxidant properties, but pose significant health risks and production challenges, particularly when exposed to high temperatures and through excessive intake. Guidelines on the consumption of tropical oils in the tropical regions are necessary to regulate their consumption.

Keywords: Coconut oil; Consumption guidelines; Health benefits; Palm oil; Tropical oils.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no competing interest in this review.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
PRISMA flow chart for the search results and screening process
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Type of tropical oil reviewed studies explored
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Study designs explored by include studies
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Map showing countries included studies were condcute
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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