Current challenges in pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial infection: a case series with literature review
- PMID: 39259505
- DOI: 10.1080/00325481.2024.2401766
Current challenges in pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial infection: a case series with literature review
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacteria pulmonary disease (NTM-PD), particularly caused by Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), is rising due to improved diagnostics, increased awareness, and more susceptible populations. NTM-PD significantly affects quality of life and imposes substantial economic costs. Understanding its clinical features, risk factors, and treatment challenges is vital for enhancing patient outcomes.
Patients and methods: A convenience sample from the University of Connecticut Health Center and Wayne State University involving patients with NTM-PD from 2021 to 2024 was studied retrospectively. Cases were selected to demonstrate typical diagnostic and treatment challenges, followed by a multidisciplinary roundtable discussion to examine patient-centered care strategies.
Results: Analysis of six cases pinpointed chronic lung conditions and immunomodulatory therapy as key risk factors. Standard treatment, involving extensive multi-drug regimens, frequently results in poor adherence due to side effects and complex management requirements. The discussions underlined the importance of a customized, interdisciplinary approach to improve treatment effectiveness and patient quality of life.
Conclusions: NTM-PD is an escalating public health issue with notable clinical and economic consequences. Managing this disease effectively demands a comprehensive, patient-centered strategy that includes precise diagnosis, flexible treatment plans, and collaborative care.
Keywords: Elderly; Mycobacterium abscessus; Mycobacterium avium complex; nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease; treatment.
Plain language summary
This paper focuses on a type of lung disease caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), which are bacteria found in the environment. NTM pulmonary disease has become more common due to better diagnostic methods, increased awareness, and a growing number of people with conditions that make them more vulnerable to infections. This disease can seriously affect a person’s quality of life and is challenging to treat because it often requires long and complex antibiotic regimens.The authors, who have expertise in pulmonary diseases and infectious diseases, reviewed the medical records of six patients treated for NTM disease at the University of Connecticut Health Center and Wayne State University between 2021 and 2024. Following the submission of case synopses, the authors engaged in a discussion to explore the challenges of managing NTM infections. The discussion focused on identifying the best practices for diagnosis and treatment, emphasizing a patient-centered approach to care.Patients with preexisting lung conditions or those undergoing certain medical treatments are more susceptible to developing NTM lung disease. The treatment often involved multiple drugs, which posed challenges for patients due to side effects and the complexity of the regimen. The findings underscored the importance of a personalized, collaborative approach in treating NTM lung disease to improve patient outcomes and quality of life.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical
