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Review
. 2025 Jan 1;32(1):14-21.
doi: 10.1097/MOH.0000000000000843. Epub 2024 Sep 5.

Platelet transfusion

Allison Mo  1   2   3 , Erica Wood  1   2 , Zoe McQuilten  1   2   4
Affiliations
Review

Platelet transfusion

Allison Mo et al. Curr Opin Hematol. .

Abstract

Purpose of review: Platelet transfusions, used as prophylaxis or treatment for bleeding, are potentially life-saving. In many countries, demand for platelet transfusion is rising. Platelets are a limited and costly resource, and it is vital that they are used appropriately. This study will explore the evidence behind platelet transfusions in different contexts, in particular recent and important research in this area.

Recent findings: Recent randomized clinical trials demonstrate the efficacy of platelet transfusions in some contexts but potential detrimental effects in others. Platelet transfusions also carry risk of transfusion reactions, bacterial contamination and platelet transfusion refractoriness. Observational and clinical studies, which highlight approaches to mitigate these risks, will be discussed. There is growing interest in cold-stored or cryopreserved platelet units, which may improve platelet function and availability. Clinical trials also highlight the efficacy of other supportive measures such as tranexamic acid or thrombopoietin receptor agonists in patients with bleeding.

Summary: Although platelet transfusions are beneficial in many patients, there remain many settings in which the optimal use of platelet transfusions is unclear, and some situations in which they may have detrimental effects. Future clinical trials are needed to determine optimal use of platelet transfusions in different patient populations.

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References

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    1. Duke WW. The relation of blood platelets to hemorrhagic disease: description of a method for determining the bleeding time and coagulation time and report of three cases of hemorrhagic disease relieved by transfusion. J Am Med Assoc 1910; 55:1185–1192.
    1. Charlton A, Wallis J, Robertson J, et al. Where did platelets go in 2012? A survey of platelet transfusion practice in the North of England. Transfus Med 2014; 24:213–218.
    1. Estcourt LJ. Why has demand for platelet components increased? A review. Transfus Med 2014; 24:260–268.
    1. Hofmann A, Ozawa S, Shander A. Activity-based cost of platelet transfusions in medical and surgical inpatients at a US hospital. Vox Sang 2021; 116:998–1004.

MeSH terms